Kurda,
I'm assuming you're travelling on a Canadian Passport? As the other replies have mentioned, the maximum stay allowed in the Schengen countries is three months! That includes all the countries you mentioned. Those who violate the rules can face severe penalties, including deportation for as long as 10 years! After a stay of three months, travellers must leave the Schengen zone for a period of at least 180 days (as I recall - I haven't reviewed the rules for a while).
If you plan your route carefully, a stay of four months should be possible by including one month in a non-Schengen country. AFAIK, the U.K. is not included in the list of countries, so you might consider spending some time there, or possibly in some of the eastern European countries.
I'm sure the group here will have lots of suggestions to help you fulfill your "life long dream".
Happy travels!