So I am studying in Spain for 5 months from Jan to May. Afterwards I'm going to travel around Europe for 6 weeks. How does it work with my US passport and student visa? My student visa from Spain will expire on Jul 1st, but having been in other countries around Europe will I have the tourist visa, 90 days of travel, from each country even though they are still apart of the EU?
I plan to fly out of Paris on Jul 6th, will I have problems with my passport and all of that?
The 90 day tourist visa is NOT "from each country", it is for the whole of the Schengen Zone (essentially most of the EU). Because your student visa expires on July 1, you would be wise to leave then, not five days later.
I don't think Nancy is completely correct. Our son was in a similar position when he studies in Madrid about ten years. Your student visa will cover you for the first six months and then you will have 90 days as tourist in the Schengen agreement countries - or at least, that is how I remember it. However, you should check with your study abroad program to see what they say. Probably a better source than here.
I agree that you should take advice from sources who know with certainty. I would have thought it would involve leaving the Schengen area on the student visa. If you can then get admittance as a tourist that would be fine but separate.
Things might have changed, but in 2010 short-term student vistas (up to 1 year) entitled the visa-bearers to stay up to 30 days after the termination of studies, as indicated in the visa.
I believe Frank is correct rather than Nancy's advice. I only have experience with Italian student visas but this information should apply to you. First of all, if you are traveling during your stay in Spain, I would make sure you get a multi-entry student visa so that if you exit the Schengen area during your stays, you can enter back in under your student visa. As I have understood from my own experience and my research on visas, you are allotted the 90 tourist days in addition to your student visa. My visa was for 120 days, I came a few days early and stayed a few weeks later to travel more and was allowed that time with the 90 tourist days. And although your student visa is from Spain, it allows travel throughout the Schengen area, so you don't have to worry about weekend trips to France or Germany counting against your 90 days while you are still covered by the student visa. Ensure that your visa from Spain (the dates and the number of days allowed) will truly expire on July 1st, not closer to when you are finished with classes in May. If it is valid until July 1st, you should then have your extra 90 days to cover you until July 6th. I don't want to say definitely, because I can't give legal advice, but in my experience this is how it should work. My visa was up December 18, and I stayed in the EU after that to travel more. I would advise emailing your consulate to get confirmation from them if you are concerned.
Unless you have verified your status before leaving, why take the chance of having a problem for just an additional five days? You will have already been out of classes for over a month at that point.