Please sign in to post.

Scorching heat grips the European continent

"The first heat waves of the summer are hitting Europe, triggering wildfires and health warnings. Weather forecasters say such phenomena are becoming more common each year. ... In Andalusia, in southern Spain, temperatures are set to climb to 43 C in a heatwave forecast to last until late next week. " See DW article for more details.

Such heatwaves are now occurring earlier in the year, which experts link to man-made climate change. According to the Spanish weather service Aemet, only two heatwaves were recorded in June between 1975 and 2000, compared to nine between 2000 and 2024. This year, too, temperatures of around 40 degrees at the end of May were similar to those in August. For actual end of June example see small Europe map with temperatures in °C.

In Southern Europe the temperatures stay higher between the heat waves than in the past decades and the heat waves regularly swap over to mid European Germany. The next days we will likely see temperatures up 40°C in South-Western Germany incl. tourist areas such as the Black Forrest.

"All across the EU, residents are being advised to remain indoors during the hottest part of the day if possible — generally from about 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. — though meteorologists say little cooling should be expected at night over the next week."

These changing conditions can have a significant impact for travelers because they want to stay and get around outdoors. Prevention reaches into early journey planning: travelers who suffer from heat are well recommended to choose wisely when they want to travel to a destination. In some regions late spring or early autumn become the summer we know from decades ago.

Posted by
9464 posts

Yep, we are fairly miserable in Frankfurt with 34-35°, but feel sorry for Spain or anyplace else that is hitting 40°. This happened here a couple of years ago and it is tough to live with. Little AC, and if it is there they run it kind of low. The buses, trams and trains can be really warm if not downright hot. They had to evacuate an ICE 2 days ago, due to broken AC.
Glad that we bought ceiling fans for 3 rooms last year. They really help.

Today is the European Ironman Championship in Frankfurt and I really feel for these athletes. Supposed to only hit 32°, but that is hot when you are doing a triathlon.

Wear loose clothing, have a siesta when it is hot, spend your time outside early mornings and evenings, bring your water bottle from home to fill at the fountains.

Posted by
10902 posts

It's miserable and, in Paris, getting extremely miserable the first part of the week.

I already saw a post on Reddit from someone who has paid for a tour to France and is dreading their tour days in Paris Monday and Tuesday and wondering whether they are going to be able to stick with their tour itinerary,

Projected highs here are 102 degrees F Tuesday and 101 Wednesday. That is just beyond miserable. I feel bad for anyone here as a tourist trying to see things.

Posted by
446 posts

There are 67 million olive trees in Andalucia that don’t like the heat. I learned on the RS Andalucia tour that this industry, that much of the world depends on, is extremely vulnerable to the effects of climate change.

Posted by
2101 posts

Yeah, it's going to be a long, hot, summer. People will die. And they still don't add AC to new houses...

I'm heading to Berlin. It looks like going north isn't going to help much. Might be time for the underground tour.

Posted by
3986 posts

Today is the European Ironman Championship in Frankfurt and I really feel for these athletes.

I fully agree. Patrick Lange is trying to win his first big competition in his home area. Since some of the athletes also start on Hawaii I did not mention it. I guess that the "coolpetition" fallback for these athletes is the annual Norseman triathlon in Norway's Hardanger area which has a little more brutal landscape conditions. The videos have goosebumps guarantee.

Posted by
3986 posts

It looks like going north isn't going to help much.

My North perception is different but agree not valid for Berlin. I lived in Berlin and have daily contacts to friends there. And Berlin is part of the problem affected areas since a long time; Berlin-Eiskeller is no longer what it was decades ago. If you go further North in Germany this makes a huge difference. German weather report sometimes show the million-forecast which shows expected temperature curves from the four German cities with more than a million people (Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Cologne). Hamburg shows always the "coldest" curve in summer months. In Schwerin we live cooler in the summer month. One additional factor are the lakes of Schwerin compared to the city area size.

Very special for Berlin is that heavy rain and thunderstorm clouds coming from Southwest in most cases split up before reaching Berlin. They pass by Northwest and Southeast of Berlin.

Thanks for remembering an important point with your comment: cities in general have a higher risk of heating up, especially in the widely sealed and closely built center areas. In Hamburg the average difference between the hottest and coldest places for the same time frame is documented up to 9° C which is a lot (see this article for details).

Posted by
11191 posts

It was 85f when I woke at 6 this morning. Heading to 104 today, Sunday here near the Mediterranean Sea. The mapped area in France reaches from the south to just north of Paris. This is a good time to head to Belgium or the Netherlands.

Indeed heat waves were rare here until around 2000. Now they’re yearly due to ocean currents. The air is coming north from Africa.

Posted by
891 posts

In Munich, I don't think it's that bad at the moment, as there's always been some wind. And thankfully, there's always a thunderstorm at the right moment. We'll see next week. I also live on the outskirts of the city, surrounded by forest - it's always cooler there. I open the windows at night and close the blinds completely during the day. It never gets above 72 °F in my bedroom.
And luckily, the office also has great cooling - water is pumped from the lakes surrounding the office complex into cooling elements on the ceilings. It works quite well and no classic AC is needed. As well there are more and more modern means of transport (trams, subways, buses) in Munich that also have AC and, thank goodness, aren't turned up to crazy cold temperatures. Something I always hated in the US and Asia, by the way. But the time will come when they'll install something like AC as standard here, but certainly environmentally friendly and energy-saving .... what else :-) :-) Until then, when I'm no longer living in the woods, I'll definitely get ceiling fans.

Today and tomorrow I'm out and about with a forum member, but I know he likes the heat. So, the heated concrete in downtown Munich tomorrow will, of course, be a little challenge but enough breaks, shade, and water will help. Today we're driving out of the city, so it should be bearable there. If necessary, we always have the AC in the car :-) We go to 'Wasserburg am Inn' - he sure will like it, and you hardly read about in the forum.

Posted by
23289 posts

Mignon, something I have noticed about the weather is that it changes.

Good chance the US citizen comes from a place as hot or hotter than they are going to experience in Europe. The last US city I worked in, the daily highs this time of year was around 110F. So 86F here is sort of okay. The humidity is low, and we get a breeze down the Danube, so I sit by the river and sip something good.

Many have no choice for travel but the summer and it can be great if they plan accordingly. The worst is late afternoon, so that's museum time ... or heck ... siesta, so you have energy for the evening. Maybe do a group tour, like a RS tour, that has the experience and resources to consider the weather a bit more in the daily plans. There are a hundred other options as well.

Rather than doom and gloom, let's use this great post to come up with ideas on how to cope, compensate, and overcome to have a great holiday.

The option for many is to stay home and never see the world. For me, at least, the more I complain about the heat, the more the heat affects me.

Posted by
7680 posts

*Parts of the European continent.

We had a nice 20°C yesterday and today the temperature is expected to peak at 23°C.

Posted by
2162 posts

Yes. Paris had derecho yesterday. Branches, wind and trees down and cars damaged.

Unfortunately climate change is happening and not wanting to talk about that isn't "doom and gloom". The weather patterns are changing.

For travelers in the summer there isn't much you can do except stay in a hotel with AC, bring a hat and small hand fan with you as well as drink lots of water to stay hydrated, don't over-exert yourself and of course do like the Spaniards and don't go out at noontime.

I do know that more of my German acquaintances are buying moveable AC units. The idea that AC is a bad thing in Europe is no longer relevant.

Posted by
923 posts

I kind of come from one of those places in the US where typical summer heat and humidity is about what is being experienced in parts of Europe. I can tell you that despite what was suggested, it is miserable, and I am not used to it despite living here for decades, and I would hate having to navigate my vacation through it. I think that is fair to state and not poo pooing on anyone's trip. Unless it is a beach vacation, that would be a bit miserable to deal with. Just drink lots of water, wear sun protection, use a hat, and duck in to places to explore that you usually wouldn't have to capture the AC.
How is the humidity over there? That is what causes true suffering (high temps in DC feels very different than high temps in Phoenix, for example, due to the difference in humidity).

Posted by
23289 posts

For travelers in the summer there isn't much you can do except stay in
a hotel with AC

Nope. Badger had a great idea that didn’t involve increasing the carbon foot print with more AC usage.

I bet this group has others.

do like the Spaniards and don't go out at noontime

It’s not exclusively a Spanish thing. It isn’t terribly uncommon if you get off the tourist trails in most of the Mediterranean. And traditionally it’s not a noon thing. Understanding the hottest part of the day and using the break as a tool in planning one’s day to beat the heat a a great idea for tourism.

Maryam, you are correct its more than temperature and the humidity can make quite a difference. I grew up in Houston where the summers were so muggy you couldnt breath. I understand DC is the same way. In Budpaest not the humidity rarely gets above 40 and in the 30's is more common, so I am a bit more tolerant of higher temperatures here. We also have what is almost a constant breeze coming down the river so i head for the river in the heat of the day.

I talked about ways of coping cause some people will never be able to travel outside of the summer and thats a reality for them. One is in the summer I ride the underground more often between 3 and about 6pm. Cool way to get around. Mornings and evenings are trams.

Posted by
529 posts

Last year we had 12 days over 40 deg where I live. 8 to 10 is an average year, 23 in 2019. Record temp is a tad over 50.
In 2018 we were in France in July for 3 weeks. I think we had 19 days between 32 and 38. We loved it as we were coming from a pretty chilly winter. Most days were very active, I typically was hitting up over 30,000 steps on the Garmin. No AC in our dirt cheap hotel rooms. Just chucked a damp towel on the bod when we went to bed. Kept up the fluids, all good.
In Nepal from Thangboche to EBC and back top temps were never above minus 5 C and dropped as low as minus 25 C. You just gotta deal with the cards your dealt and get on with it.

Posted by
89 posts

We didn't have air conditioning for most of my childhood until 1978 when Grandpa bought a window unit for their bedroom, and then installed a curtain in the hallway so I would get some cooler air in my bedroom, too. It was heaven!

But if you like sleeping with temperatures in the upper 70s and low 80s, then good for you. Science says otherwise for the vast majority of people.

Yes, I know some people have this sort of fake pride about not having AC, but it sure did improve our quality of life with better sleep that also helped with better health. I'm sure some people thought cars, radio, electricity, and TV were either a fad or somehow unnecessary toward quality of life. Scientific studies have proven that people sleep far better in cooler temperatures, and I've learned that repeatedly during military deployments where all we had was a big fan at the end of a bay that blew hot air on us. It wasn't fun. Returning home to AC I slept like a log.

Posted by
23289 posts

Okay if we are going to talk about Europe and AC. Where I live most of the citizens live in 100+ year old apartment blocks. The construction is not less than a meter thick exterior walls made of brick and plastered both sides. This creates a thermal mass effect, meaning the heat takes a long time to get through the wall and by the time it does, the temps outside have already cooled again (night).

The result is my flat is comfortable during the day, even on the hottest days, but not as comfortable at night when the heat finally works its way through the walls. So, I run my tiny little AC in the bedroom from 10pm until 6am and my place stays at 78F more or less all day when its 90F outside. Our humidity is about 35% so 78F is comfortable. Many of us are fortunate enough to have windows at the front and into the courtyard. Us lucky devils get a little chimney effect going that makes them comfortable without the AC as long as the temps dont get too high.

So, hint for tourist in August. Rent an AirBnb i an old classic building. One with an AC of course. But even without the AC you might be surprised how comfortable it is until the outside temps get close to 90F.

Another hint. Look at the averages for where you want to go. Look by day, not by month or find a site that has a graph. You might find that temps ramp up slowly to the hottest day, but then drop quickly after the hottest day. Sure, you are playing the odds here, but still worth doing as you might get lucky.

Posted by
586 posts

We're looking at it only getting worse from here going forward.

How much, how fast...

Posted by
846 posts

Yes MarkK, the temperature in Odda, Hardanger fjord, and my dad’s hometown is a comfortable 19C.

I live in a city that historically didn’t need AC in homes. Four years ago this week we had our first unprecedented heat dome and 600 folks died from the heat/dehydration. I live in my childhood home and the tolerable upstairs bedroom of my youth now has a heat pump on that level to make the increasingly hotter weather bearable.

I am definitely someone who chooses travel dates and temperatures based on heat temperatures. I have been caught in May and September in parts of Italy and France where it was unpleasantly warm for me. Historical weather data are becoming less helpful as there are too many ‘exceptions’ to the ‘rule’.

Posted by
10902 posts

The big storm in Paris wasn't yesterday. It was Wednesday, the 25th.

Posted by
3986 posts

The AC discussion can be shortened in two main points.

More efficient than ACs are outside shutters or other ways that the heat from sun does not get into a room. Temperatures behind windows in sun can be reduced from over 30°C down to around 23°C.

Operations of ACs is a problem when the power for operations is not generated from renewable sources. Sure, the production of an AC has a environmental footprint as well. But climate change is clever and comes more often with hefty and gusty winds which reduce the possibility to use outside shutters to avoid damages.

Also a great but rare way to cool down households in cities is district cooling, the opposite of district heating. In the future some centrally located hotels in cities might benefit from this. In Germany for example the city Munich is working on this (link to more details).

In coastal towns and cities the biggest cooling option (ocean water temperature) is unused currently. Water cooling systems from rivers showed some problems in the past, likely most popular was the need to get nuclear plants off grid because the cooling was not longer sufficient from heated and water reduced rivers.

Posted by
586 posts

"Historical weather data are becoming less helpful as there are too many ‘exceptions’ to the ‘rule’. "

Not only that. The swings are getting bigger.

Posted by
586 posts

Our need for AC is a lot from how we've been able to throw structures up cheaply here (US) and the older structures in Europe where heating was the biggest problem. We have to throw money/tech at it now while new structures are built more efficiently with the passives builtin.

Posted by
23289 posts

More efficient than ACs are outside shutters or other ways that the
heat from sun does not get into a ....

If the ambient air temperature is 40C, shutters will not make your home cooler than 40C. Shutters can, when on a window receiving sunlight, help to prevent the indoor temperature from exceeding the ambient air temperature. So if you want cooler than the ambient air temperature you are going to need AC.

Posted by
11191 posts

Seventy-five percent of French homes do not have air conditioning. People use shutters, fans, hydrate, eat cooler foods. It's miserable for anyone living in a city where the heat is stored in the stone or concrete of the building materials. Buses are barely air conditioned in Paris, if at all. The metro can be unbearable. My thoughts are with those living through this and the coming heat waves living in cities and trying to continue with normal lives.

Posted by
586 posts

"So if you want cooler than the ambient air temperature you are going to need AC. "

Not true anymore, though I doubt the shutters spoken of have it. Several solutions for new passives, this is two:

https://www.sri.com/fcd_technology/self-cooling-paint-a-passive-radiative-cooling-solution/

[snip]
Self-Cooling Paint is a passive radiative cooling solution – without requiring any power or electricity, it can cool down any surface up to 5-8 ºC ( 8-12ºF) below ambient air temperature, and 10-15 ºC (18-25 ºF) below an uncoated surface based on internal tests*.

https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/archive/releases/2021/Q2/the-whitest-paint-is-here-and-its-the-coolest.-literally..html

[snip]
How the whitest paint is also the coolest
The paint’s whiteness also means that the paint is the coolest on record. Using high-accuracy temperature reading equipment called thermocouples, the researchers demonstrated outdoors that the paint can keep surfaces 19 degrees Fahrenheit cooler than their ambient surroundings at night. It can also cool surfaces 8 degrees Fahrenheit below their surroundings under strong sunlight during noon hours.

edit: IIRC, the first one radiates a lot more in the infra-red/heat band than most substances, as well as the visible. So it can radiate to the sky or nearby surroundings if they are lower temperature. The second is just a much better reflector.

Posted by
2059 posts

I spent the last week in London, where it never rose above the upper 80s. But they're expecting mid 90s for the next few days, so I feel like I got out just in time. Other than my hotel room and in West End theatres, there was no air conditioning to be found, not in restaurants, not in the tube, not in any museums. The other day I went to the V&A and it was so hot in there I couldn't stay. I felt ill. In every room the docents were sitting in front of fans.

I'm now in Bergen. Current temperature is 53. It's heaven!

Posted by
586 posts

My current horror phrase is "Wet Bulb temperature".

Don't look it up if you don't want to be depressed.

Posted by
23289 posts

Wet Bulb. Use to have to swing them. LOL RobertH the subject is a part of what I did for over 40 years.

And for your paint, not at Home Depot or OBI and i wouldn't hold your breath.

Posted by
586 posts

"And for your paint, not at Home Depot or OBI and i wouldn't hold your breath."

Naah. Probably Puff/Prestige projects first. The ones that don't need them.

Then, who knows? Some might trickle down. Eventually.

Posted by
1795 posts

You will find restaurants in London with AC. It depends what sort of place it is. Electricity is very expensive here so they’re not going to run it if most customers are sitting outside or if the doors and windows are all open.

Hot weather is not that common in Britain and we do kind of like it - huge numbers of people go abroad every year in search of guaranteed sun. It’s a real treat for us to be able to eat outside, for example. We can have whole summers here where it’s rarely possible, like last year.

Posted by
7680 posts

If the ambient air temperature is 40C, shutters will not make your
home cooler than 40C.

Yes and no. Shutters will not make your home cooler, but they can prevent it from getting hotter. So if it's 20°C inside and outside in the morning, shutters can help the inside air stay cooler. So it the outdoor air peaks at 40°C, the indoor air might only peak at 28°C if you have shutters blocking the sunlight.

Posted by
23289 posts

Shutters will not make your home cooler, but they can prevent it from
getting hotter.

Agreed. So in southern Italy, unless you are comfortable with the daily temps, get a hotel room with a good AC.

Posted by
891 posts

Yes and no. Shutters will not make your home cooler, but they can prevent it from getting hotter.

That's exactly what I do. I air the house all night (a German hobby), and during the day I close the shutters and, of course, the windows. That keeps all the heat out.

By the way, you can also find many joke clips on the topic of 'the Germans are airing out their house all the time" :-) My favorite is the one by 'liamcarps' from the UK, who has lived in Germany long enough to know our peculiarities. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TaXiLs2_go

Posted by
3268 posts

European houses are traditionally made of stone, with walls in the south being quite thick. In houses like that keeping the interior cool even during a heat wave is doable without AC. That is what these houses were designed for. Keep closed during the day, open at night.
Bonus is you get lots of fresh air, and the interior is not turned in to a fridge by an AC.

Because, honestly, I hate AC. I hated how I had to put on a jacket whenever I entered a building in the Middle East. And in some parts of the US you have the same issue. Predictably I come down with a cold, and I once even had to short a business trip because of it.

When I still worked in an office in Bern we also had the occasional heat wave in the summer. The building had cooling, but not AC, and was actually quite agreeable to work in. They would wash the building with cool night air and that kept the building nice till early afternoon. So we would just come to work in shorts and t-shirt, start early and then knock off at 15:00 to go swimming in the Aare. Live with the weather rather than fight it by throwing energy and resources at it.

Posted by
586 posts

"Live with the weather rather than fight it by throwing energy and resources at it."

That works for short heat spells. When the night temp doesn't cool down, and the building retains a lot of the heat of the day, then the next day heats it up more, then...

I've lived in those too. "Cooling off at night" doesn't work then. Luckily those heat domes/whatever aren't that frequent.

Yet.

Posted by
12696 posts

. They would wash the building with cool night air and that kept the building nice till early afternoon. So we would just come to work in shorts and t-shirt, start early and then knock off at 15:00 to go swimming in the Aare. Live with the weather rather than fight it by throwing energy and resources at it.

Great idea .... just knock off when it gets warm

How we does that work for hospitals, nursing homes, police & fire departments, utilities etc? oh, never mind just take a dip in a lake or river and commune with nature

Posted by
3329 posts

I’m in Canterbury right now, beginning the RS South of England tour. It isn’t the heat that’s a problem, it’s the humidity. Yesterday was 85f, very doable until you add 55% humidity. But as soon as the sun starts to set, the temp dropped down to a very comfortable 70f.
(Anyone taking this tour, be aware that Canterbury Cathedral Lodge has no AC and windows only open 3” for minimal airflow. There is a fan. Nice hotel otherwise.)
London last week was warm but cooled off nicely at night. Only uncomfortable place was the British Museum. Dripping sweat hot.

Question for those living in Europe:
When I was a kid in the ‘60s, we had a window AC unit. Just cooled one room but helped with the airflow. Since there’s no wiring involved, plug into an outlet, is there something like that to help you survive the heat?
We also turned the furnace fan on (no heat) which helped move air through the house.

In the meantime, drink lots of water. Dunk a glad rag in ice water and put in on the back of your neck: it helps cool you. In the pre-AC days in Arizona, people soaked sheets and hung them in open windows. Breeze passing though was cooler.

Stay safe everyone.

Posted by
443 posts

A/c is not widespread in Europe, even southern Europe. Houses and streest are designed for heat. Some modern blocks have central a/c. The most common solution, in Spain at least, are small circulating units which vent to one outside wall.

The a/c debate is an interesting one. We are facing climate change and increased temperatures. So we use more electricity to run a/c, which also then pushes out heat into the atmosphere. Seems self defeating.

Posted by
10902 posts

So in southern Italy, unless you are comfortable with the daily temps, get a hotel room with a good AC.

Or in northern France, i.e., Paris.

My thoughts are with those living through this and the coming heat waves living in cities and trying to continue with normal lives.

Yes - and especially with those working in jobs that have them out in this heat - the construction trades, sanitation workers, firefighters, police officers, and so on and so on.....

Posted by
23289 posts

Lin C one person on one flight NYC to London has more or less the same carbon footprint as that from generating the electricity used by 2 AC units in Albania for a summer.

Posted by
3004 posts

Regarding AC, the link between AC and rising temperatures in cities has been demonstrated in numerous studies (including American ones) .Since ACs reject heat outdoors, the more you use them, the more you increase urban temperatures.

ACs consume more electricity than any other appliance in homes (10% of global electricity) and release gases into the atmosphere that contribute to global warming.

One study among many on the effects of AC in Paris shows that after a 9-day heat wave, systematic use of AC during this period would increase the air temperature in the city by up to 2.4°C.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab6a24

The best solutions in cities are to plant trees and create green spaces. It provides shade and absorbs CO2 in very large quantities through photosynthesis.

Posted by
586 posts

We have a little mini-heat wave going on here now.

Last night the coldest temp for the outside air was 72 deg F (22C) at 6:00am. Which, with the window fan blowing all night got the temp in my apartment down to 74 deg F (23C). With an unknown amount of heat still in the walls.

The last heat wave had the outside temp at 6:00am of 80 deg F (27C). And as the heat of the day hit it got considerably hotter.

The "letting windows open at night" only works when it gets colder at night. With heat domes that doesn't happen (much).

edit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_dome
edit2: When it got to 80 deg F at 6:00am the peak of the day was ~ 100 deg F (38C)

Posted by
846 posts

We use an electrical heat pump which gives us some cooling in the warm summer weather when needed and warms in the cold damp winter weather, when needed. For some of us, managing heat (it triggers migraines) is as essential as managing cold. I am sure many here use heat in the winter either via wood burning fireplaces, gas or oil furnaces, electrical baseboards. Yes you can put on an extra layer to warm up but I am sure many want to have access to energy using sources of heat.

Posted by
23289 posts

RobertH, as you know, there is no passive way to create "cool." All you can do is adjust comfort factors like air movement and, to a lesser degree, reduce humidity. Those things can make a big difference in the grey zones. 96F is still 96F. "Making cool" is really about moving heat from one place to another and that takes electricity. We could probably contribute to reducing a lot of suffering in the world if we didn't travel to Europe.

Posted by
1853 posts

It's been really hot the last few days in London. There's a breeze, but that's warm too. My flat is actually still OK. I live in the basement of an old Victorian terraced house (1888, from what I deduce), in what would have been the "servants' quarters" so I don't get loads of natural light. I've kept my bedroom blinds closed in the daytime. Being down below ground level and with stone walls 18 inches thick, the temperature is easily ten degrees below the temperature outdoors today. I've used a battered old desk fan sparingly and it's been fine. The cat hates the fan. He won't come near when it's running. He's been out all day, sleeping in the shade.

Posted by
586 posts

"RobertH, as you know, there is no passive way to create "cool." "

Mr. E, see my remark about the new ways to do so, i.e. non-home-depot paint(s).

There are even older ways to do it, though you may argue about "passive".

The one I'm thinking of uses a gap between an (thick) outside wall and the interior wall => sun heats outside wall => heats air in gap => air rises and pulls air from underground earth space => constant source of "cooler" air running against wall of living/storage area.

Doesn't use electricity/power, though I guess you could say it's a form of Solar Cooling.

edit: IIRC, those were used in Iran(?) in older times. Don't remember what they were called.

Posted by
3153 posts

We were just in Bologna. It was hot. The first night we couldn’t get our apartment comfortable even with a/c. The following day we left all the curtains and blinds closed and turned the a/c unit to a higher temperature. When we came back later in the day (because couldn’t stand the heat) we were shocked by how cool and comfortable the apartment was even though the temperature was set much higher.

We left it all closed up the rest of the time we were there. Looked a bit like a dungeon but was nice and cool.

Posted by
23289 posts

Beth, it's the effect of thermal mass (storage in the walls). These old buildings are good at it. Essentially, what they do in an ideal situation is average the outside temperatures within the space. Not less heat but more uniformly dispersed heat. Akways sprak in terms of heat ss "cool" is only less heat. And when you run the ac and cool the walls, you create a fairly long-lasting effect. In my flat, the heat of the day takes 4 or 5 hours to get from the outside to the inside, so I only run the ac at night, and it mitigates the heat most of the next day. I used to design for this stuff. It was fun work.

But now let's talk about the carbon foot print of the kilns necessary to create the brick for 4 foot thick brick walls vs running an AC in a well designed modern building. I think the modern building will win.

Modern technology and sensible design have come a long way in the last 30 years. But there are no magic bullets.

Posted by
586 posts

"But there are no magic bullets."

Penicillin/antibiotics were a magic bullet. We're rapidly making them go away.

Magic bullets are possible, just rare. Knowledge is/can-be one "magic bullet". What it makes possible.

For good or ill.

Posted by
9464 posts

Hit 38° in Frankfurt today. I was lucky enough to spend 6 hours sitting in a WW2 bunker, which was cool and comfortable. It was only open for visitors for the last 2 hours, but I had a cool place to sit and read all afternoon.

Our apt. has shutters thankfully and we have 3 ceiling fans that keep the air circulating. It is ok. Do, I like being in places with AC? Yes, but not at the level they have it in the US. It is enjoyable to find places here that have it and I love going grocery shopping as the stores are nicely cooled.

Weather should be better tomorrow and all of next week, so we survived.

Posted by
9058 posts

We're going to Ireland in a few days and I see the weather forecast for Dublin is highs in the 60s F. Over the next days it might reach highs in the low 70s. Doesn't look like a heat wave for Ireland.

Posted by
5758 posts

We're going to Ireland in a few days and I see the weather forecast for Dublin is highs in the 60s F. Over the next days it might reach highs in the low 70s. Doesn't look like a heat wave for Ireland.

We were in Cork over the weekend and it was overcast and drizzly, it was quite nice to return to Heathrow for some sun and warmth.

Posted by
5924 posts

It was lovely yesterday morning in London, overcast with a no-umbrella-necessary drizzle! It was warm and bright in the afternoon, but not the high temps of this past week.

Posted by
5924 posts

not at the level they have it in the US.

We have a central setting. I think it's based on the weather at the moment in Phoenix :-)

Posted by
3986 posts

Yesterday Northern Germany was overtaken by a Northwestern cold front system after a hot day. The Western parts had thunderstorms and gusty rains. In Schwerin we had 37°C (greetings to Ms. Jo in Frankfurt) and in the evening we had a rise of wind speed from 1-2 Beaufort up to 7-8 in gusts of wind (appr. 18-20 m/s) - and this within 10 minutes. Some neighbors appeared outside at 10 p.m. checking the situation. Yesterday's wind diagram of my weather station looks like a plane landscape is hitting high mountains.

Some additional bad news for the Mediterranean Sea area: the CEAM reported a significant over-average sea surface temperature (link) which means that already so early in summer there is a lot of energy available for weather systems to load their "weapons" with enough "ammunition".

Based on this travelers shall be prepared for more extreme weather in the Mediterranean countries in the next weeks and months.

So fellows, take care and if possible install national warning apps on your mobile to stay informed.

Posted by
89 posts

Well, I knew it was only a matter of time: An IEA report found the number of air conditioning units in the EU is likely to rise to 275 million by 2050 — more than double the 2019 figure.

“Our homes need to be resilient not just to the cold, but to the increasingly brutal heat,” said Yetunde Abdul, director at UK Green Building Council.

The Air Conditioning Company’s Salmon says he has seen demand for air conditioning skyrocket. “Over the last five years, residential enquiries have more than tripled. This heatwave in particular has sent things through the roof… People just can’t function when they’re boiling at 3 a.m.”

It's increasingly an issue of quality of life. And health.

https://www.cnn.com/2025/07/02/climate/europe-air-conditioning-heat-wave-intl-latam

Posted by
1262 posts

Many have no choice for travel but the summer and it can be great if they plan accordingly.

While that is certainly true for, say, teachers, and families with school aged kids, I am perplexed by my age cohort, the retirees, who have never broken the habit of summer travel. Nothing wrong with summer travel...just look somewhere other than Europe (with the exception of say Norway-Sweden-Finland) or even most of the US for your summer travel - it is too darn hot in the US to travel, too, although you will find more and better A/C here. What about Mexico City or Buenos Aires, or Australia and New Zealand? Even Hawaii, or coastal California from San Diego to San Francisco...or the coastal areas of the PNW, including Canada and Alaska.

My last "summer" trip to Europe was in late July to mid August 2003, a miserably hot summer there, and a harbinger of the summers to come. My kids were college aged, I took them on a grand tour, and it was pretty tough, exhausting. Ever since then, at least for Europe, I plan trips in the October - December timeframe, as well as March to May. Nothing against January and February, those would work, too, but those are also great months for travel here in the US where summers are starting earlier and lasting longer, making summer travel here a real crap shoot for weather.

I kind of come from one of those places in the US where typical summer heat and humidity is about what is being experienced in parts of Europe. I can tell you that despite what was suggested, it is miserable, and I am not used to it despite living here for decades, and I would hate having to navigate my vacation through it.

Same here. We manage the summer by getting out early, before noon, for all errands, maybe grab lunch somewhere, and then siesta in our cool and comfortable home for the rest of the afternoon...early evening it is more bearable to get out...but the real point is that sort of daily pattern to avoid the heat and stay comfortable would be pretty tough for a vacation, especially the kind of elaborate trips that people on this forum schedule.

Posted by
35417 posts

update from England - at the moment in the East of England it is 21C (70F) at 1:30 in the afternoon.

Tomorrow I expect it back up to 25, then back down to this for a few days

Posted by
529 posts

I was just checking the temps from our January holiday (vacation). We did a 12 hour drive to visit an old friend and attend the local music festival, staying for a week temp range (max) was 36.6 to 40.5.
Mostly buskers and outdoor stage shows.
I did make the wise choice to start my day early. I would head into town on foot at about 6.30 and grab brekkie. Then head up into the hills and forests for 2 hours of running and hiking finishing back in town, buy a drink and walk back up to our friends house. Temps by then (10ish) usually low 30s.
A quick shower and back into town prowling the streets checking out the performances. About 1 pm we'd all head into an air conditioned pub for some tucker and a bevy or two. We'd be back prowling again later in the afternoon for another hour or so before heading home. Temps were usually peaking by then.

I don't think any of our group were bothered too much by the conditions. Everyone kept the fluids up, sunscreened, wore hats and stayed in the shade when possible.
Our advantage is that all were used to these conditions. Heat acclimatisation I guess.

Posted by
7680 posts

Stay safe everyone, and make sure you drink enough water. Also, remember that plans can change. If you're caught by a heat wave, slowing down and avoiding the sun is probably a good idea.

And for future summer trips, remember that there are a lot of things to see and do in northern Europe…

Posted by
3177 posts

I hope the weather mostly cooperates with the Tour de France riders. The race is brutal enough without adding any more suffering.

Posted by
23289 posts

SCORCHING HEAT DISAPATES! (in some places at least).

I guess if we can post "Scorching heat" we can post when things turn better.

Since it’s a warm summer and we are all becoming experts in thermal comfort, here is a chart that will help you. https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0360132317302032-gr1.jpg

Compare the chart against the projections for Budapest for the next week. Make note of the extended comfort range when there is air movement (the green dashed line). Not too bad here today and a fairly cool week coming up.

  • Sun (6 July) Mostly sunny currently (2pm) 91F and 22% Humidity and a steady breeze at 3.5m/second (8mph) which is more common than not thanks to the Danube (I presume). Right at the outter edge of the comfort zone. Stay out of direct sunlight and its fairly comfortable.
  • Mon Light rain 85°55°
  • Tue Rain 74°51°
  • Wed Light rain 63°52°
  • Thu Mostly cloudy 69°53°
  • Fri Mostly cloudy 72°51°
  • Sat Partly cloudy 75°52°
  • Sun Partly cloudy 81°55°
Posted by
23289 posts

Mr E, there you go cherry picking again. The thread refers to Europe
in General not just the one sweetest destination in Europe.

Wrong oh great one. Weather forecast for next week looks pretty similar in Paris and Berlin and even in Barcelona.

Posted by
23289 posts

The next days we will likely see temperatures up 40°C in South-Western
Germany incl. tourist areas such as the Black Forrest.

I presume the high temperatures arrived .... and departed.

Freiburg, sort of the capital of tge Black Forest area, so I have been told, has a ten day forecast with a low of 49F and a high of 81F.

So time to enjoy travel again, while the good weather lasts.