You have prior European travel experience, which definitely puts you ahead of the game, but the Greek islands are different, logistically. You'll be traveling by ferry or plane, both more subject to weather cancellations that trains and buses are. You don't list Athens but I assure you that you'll be spending time there (possibly more than once, depending on schedules) because it's the gateway to the islands. I think four different islands in 8 days is pretty aggressive. Although Santorini, Naxos and Milos are fairly close together--and I assume you can move between them without returning to Athens, Crete is a large island where I think (as you do more planning) you'll want more than 2 or 3 days.
Before getting too detailed in your planning for Croatia or Montenegro (both lovely), take a look at transportation from Greece. Proximity doesn't guarantee good connections. And getting back home from Montenegro might also be challenging. Especially for intra-European flights, skyscanner.com is a good resource.
Flights to Montenegro will be into the capital, Podgorica (possibly with a change in a northern city like Munich, so potentially not a fast trip and not cheap). It is not a place you want to spend much time. Fortunately, the country is small and there's decent bus service from Podgorica to other spots. I didn't get to the national parks (unless Lake Skadar is one), but I've read good things about them. Certainly the towns of Ulcinj (Turkish vibe), Cetinje, Herceg Novi, Kotor and Budva are worth seeing. And the bus trip around (or boat trip on) the Bay of Kotor is one of Europe's great sights.
I flew home from Zagreb, Croatia, with just one stop on the way to Washington-Dulles, but I haven't checked connections from Greece. I'm not an athletic traveler so have no personal recommendations for you, but in 2015 I noticed a zip line in Istria. I think it was in Pazin, which is the administrative capital of Croatian Istria. Istria is very pretty, with hills in the interior and some historic towns along the coast. It's good to have a car there, but with patience you can move around by bus.
Croatia a lot more touristy, overall, than Montenegro. Within Montenegro, Budva and Kotor seem to get the vast majority of the tourist traffic. Kotor, at least, is a destination (though not daily as of 2015) for mega-ships. It's not a great experience, being in Kotor on the day one of those monsters is in port. I assume you have the same situation in Croatia. I haven't spent time on the southern coast of Croatia recently.
If you opt for Croatia, try to make it to Plitvice Lakes National Park, which is really beautiful. The walking in the park is easy, but the surroundings are lovely. The trick at the park is that you must spend the night at or near the park before you visit so you can get an early start the next day. If you do not do that, you will be moving down the walkways with an unbelievable crowd of day-trippers.