Fuerteventura to Rome with connecting flight in Madrid

Were the flights booked together? If so, they have given you a "legal connection" -- which means they expect you to make it. That said, it is a big airport and I have had the experience of an uncomfortably long line there.
If you already have your boarding pass, you can determine your gates' location using the airport map: https://www.aeropuertomadrid-barajas.com/eng/madrid-airport-terminals.htm

Hello, thank you for your reply, yes, tickets all booked together. If my flight from Fuerteventura lands at terminal 4 in MAD I should get my connecting flight to Rome also in terminal 4. I can't find out if my flight does come in at terminal 4 though. That's the problem.

You can check on here- https://www.aeropuertomadrid-barajas.com/eng/madrid-airport-flight-arrivals.htm which terminal your inbound flight arrives at.

Hi, I've looked on the info you gave me but no flights from Fuerteventura showing at all?

I tried checking the site gin11 shared, but the flight must not be daily. Try googling "FUE to MAD + terminal."
When I googled it, it looks like Iberia Express lands at terminal 4.

So the other way of doing it is to look at the Iberia web site, then click on the down arrow beside each flight marked details. That shows that they arrive at Terminal 4- https://www.iberia.com/flights/?market=GB&language=en&appliesOMB=false&splitEndCity=false&initializedOMB=true&flexible=true&TRIP_TYPE=1&BEGIN_CITY_01=FUE&END_CITY_01=MAD&nombreOrigen=Fuerteventura&nombreDestino=Madrid&BEGIN_DAY_01=09&BEGIN_MONTH_01=202404&BEGIN_YEAR_01=2024&END_DAY_01=&END_MONTH_01=&END_YEAR_01=&FARE_TYPE=R&quadrigam=IBHMPA&ADT=1&CHD=0&INF=0&BNN=0&YTH=0&YCD=0&residentCode=&familianumerosa=&BV_UseBVCookie=no&boton=Search&bookingMarket=GB#!/availability

Do that for your flight and date to be doubly sure,

I have all 4 of my boarding passes already..........I have 50mins between flights

You have a 4 flight routing from FUE to Rome?

Looking at the Iberia site the shortest layover in Madrid is 5 hrs 55 min.

Did you buy the ticket from the airline?

Hi Jo, it's a return flight which is why I have 4 boarding passes. Yes, booked with the airline.

These are both Schengen Internal flights. So all you will do in Madrid is walk from one gate to another. No passport control or security to do again.