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Foreign Exchange for Canadians

It’s a slow day at work some I spent part (most) of my morning (day) researching foreign exchange costs. There have been plenty of posts on the topic over the years but as I go through them, most are from an American perspective, and while Canadians and Americans can agree on a lot of travel topics, our bank systems can be very different. So, here’s what I’ve learned this morning from a Canadian perspective;

  1. Financially, the best deal is to convert your money at home and bring cash. My bank; RBC does not charge me fees. Most branches can provide $US on the spot, Euros and Pounds take 3-5 days with some exceptions in major centres like my hometown of Calgary where the downtown branch has the cash on hand.

  2. Using an ATM on the ‘Plus’ network in the US can cost a Canadian $5 per transaction plus whatever foreign exchange rate the bank owning the ATM charges. My account comes with 5 free transactions and then $5/per. BUT....

  3. I cannot use an RBC debit card to make a point of sale transaction anywhere in the world outside of Canada and the US. I called the bank to speak to a 2nd person and asked that my call be routed up the chain of command just to make sure, and it was confirmed. No point of sales transactions, ATM use only.

  4. Credit cards. Mastercard charges 2.5% plus the current exchange rate. Visa is the same but Visa and MC calculate the foreign exchange rates differently and so MC was about ¼% cheaper.

  5. I already knew this, but if your credit or debit card is 5 digits or more, you need to change it to 4. Easy to do right at your home ATM. If you change the pin on one, all your cards related to your bank will automatically change. For added security I typically change mine back to 5 digits when I get home.

  6. Be careful of using Tap on your credit card. It may not give you the option to pay in Euros and will happily convert it to Canadian funds for you.

  7. Finding a no foreign transaction fee card in Canada is tough. Very few have no annual fee. I was looking at one that charges $136/year but based on the cost I’d need to spend $5500/year outside of Canada to break even on the 2.5% cost. If it does offer no foreign exchange fees, read the fine print to see if they make it up in different ways like charging you higher exchange rates.

  8. Don’t assume the insurance coverage on your credit card. This is likely a shared trait in both countries. I had always assumed my card covered all possible car rental coverages. Not so, just CDW. No Comprehensive or Liability.

  9. Don’t assume your credit card covers you at all. I have an American Express that used to cover car rentals. But when I called this morning to get an explanation of my coverage, I was told it no longer covers anything. Luckily, it’s only a backup card and I rarely use it. I would highly recommend you call the bank before each trip to make sure coverage has not changed.

My conclusion, except for paying closer attention to car rental coverage, I’m not going to change my habits much. I usually bring about $1000 cash from home that’s split between me and my wife and kept in a money belts and a hotel room safe. I’ve never used overseas ATM’s before but will try it next year on our next European adventure. Credit Card use may increase a bit-it’s hard to say, but I’m not going to sweat the 2.5% fee. If I charge $2000 on a trip to hotels and car then I’m out an extra $50, I guess I’ll just work an extra day before I retire to make make my lost fees back.

Would love to hear Canadian/American and European feedback on the differences to what I’ve learned today.

Posted by
7053 posts

Financially, the best deal is to convert your money at home and bring
cash. My bank; RBC does not charge me fees.

They may not charge you fees because the markup is all in the exchange rate. So, what is the markup (roughly) in percentage terms? Banks don't provide any services that require human labor (including shipping and/or handling) for free, so compare the exchange rate you would get with the published interbank rate on the same day.

Posted by
4506 posts

Good question, and no mark up answer was given when I asked. However the exchange rate offered for cash, or credit withdrawal was within 1/4% of each other.

The ATM exchange rate is not set by my bank, it is set by the bank who's ATM I use so my bank charges me 5% and whatever rate the other bank decides. I looked but was unable to find that number so I have no idea if European banks mark up is higher/lower or same as my bank.

Posted by
7053 posts

Good question, and no mark up answer was given when I asked.

Without knowing that, you can't really claim that this is financially "the best deal". There could be a 7%+ markup embedded in that exchange (banks don't typically disclose fees that are more hidden except in very fine print). I would assume you could just call them up and say you want to exchange "x" CAD amount today to "y" USD...and have them tell you how much USD you would get. Then go on a currency exchange site like XE (https://www.xe.com) and compare using the same CAD input. Any difference would be the markup.

The last time I was in Canada (Vancouver), I unfortunately had to use an ATM to withdraw a bit of cash (I was able to use a credit card for 99% of the time otherwise). I could not find one (in Yaletown at least) that did not charge a 2.5% fee for using my ATM card. This was the highest I've ever paid; normally it's 1% anywhere else in the world.

I'm not surprised that the 0% foreign fee for credit cards is largely an American invention (as far as I know - I haven't heard any other country have this type of product).

Posted by
327 posts

Allan, thanks for your extensive research for Canadians! I, too, am a long-time RBC client, and I am in the "camp" that brings along some local currency when I travel to the UK, Europe, or Asia (rather than using ATMs).

Are you a member of AMA (Alberta Motor Association)/CAA? With regard to rental car coverage, the price of supplemental insurance is often higher at the rental counter than if you purchase directly through AMA. For example, AMA Travel's rental vehicle insurance is currently $11 per day, compared to an average of $30 daily for rental agency coverage.

Yes, some credit cards may include rental car insurance, but these policies only cover damage to the vehicle, not liability, and they're usually conditional based on certain factors. It is definitely advisable to call your credit card company to clarify your best course of action before you pick up your rental car.

Posted by
4506 posts

Without knowing that, you can't really claim that this is financially
"the best deal". There could be a 7%+ markup embedded in that exchange
(banks don't typically disclose fees that are more hidden except in
very fine print).

I'm confused by this part of your reply. If my bank charges me the same exchange rate whether I buy cash or use a credit card but the credit card adds an extra 2.5% on top, then of course the cash deal is better, no matter what the mark up is. If I don't know what the exchange rate at a European ATM is until I get there and try it, then It's not a sensible alternative either. I guess the only thing I'd change in my statement is to say "my" instead of "your". My research this morning was purely for my own benefit and I'm not trying to sway people to my way of thinking. I was simply reporting what I learned today and how it suits me best. If it's useful to other people, great. But just like people who ask for advice on travel itineraries, I would expect them to take a look at the info offered on this site and evaluate it as just one part of their overall research and then determine what is best for them.

Posted by
4506 posts

Are you a member of AMA

Thanks for the advice Mardan. I'm not an AMA member, but it's something I should look at as my kids are grown and my wife and I are traveling more. It probably makes sense to take a closer look if the annual fee will reduce overall costs.

Posted by
3522 posts

A couple of things …

  1. No fees doesn't mean they aren't hiding a fee in the exchange rate. I don't know of any bank that sells foreign currency at the inter bank rate, they all add a few cents to the rate. To check, ask them how many US$ you can get for CA$100. Compare that to what Google shows. The difference is their markup.

  2. The ATM owner does not set the exchange rate. The network, Visa or MasterCard, does that and it is the same at every ATM at the same point in time. Now there is DCC (Dynamic Currency Conversion) where you are asked to be charged in your home currency instead of the local currency which comes with a marked up exchange rate set by the ATM owner, but you are supposed to be able to say no to that and allow the transaction to move forward in local currency.

  3. Your bank charges that, not MasterCard, not Visa. They only charge 1% max.

  4. Your PIN number can be whatever. In the past, longer than 4 would cause issues but for the most part it is OK to have longer numbers now. If you feel better about a 4 digit number, then no harm in changing it. In the US, each card has an independent PIN and has to be changed for each card.

  5. Others have mostly reported the exact opposite.

In the US, any markup of the exchange rate, including the 1% Visa MC fee, must be shown on your statement as a separate line item and cannot be rolled into the exchange rate quoted.

The difference between US and Canadian banking is just enough to be frustrating when you tell someone what your best choices might be.

Posted by
4656 posts

I have some contributions.
I will preface that I don't pay regular bank fees and haven't had a brick and mortar bank for some years - until this Spring. I moved my mortgage which came with some offers too good to refuse.
Previously, when I needed to buy currency, I found it cheaper to buy from one of several foreign currency offices in the city. They offered slightly better rates than a bank and carried currencies that were out of the norm (when I needed them). I have traveled to countries where credit card use is subject to their 3-5% merchant fee is charged back and where US$ is king. So I could phone and order specific denominations of new US bills in order to pay for what I needed as well as have crisp $1 bills for tips. If I know I am going to be late into a country, I buy a minimum amount of currency and generally just pick it up from the closest safe ATM. I take out a large amount so as to minimize the bank charges. What I haven't figured out is how to avoid foreign transaction fees on my ATM withdrawls. It doesn't show on my statement and it appears they work it into the 'conversion' costs but if I could find out how to get around that, I would be happy. It does appear that 2% somehow finds its way back to the bank. I rarely take out more than $800 over a trip, so I just chalk it up to the cost of travel.
For years I did pay for a credit card that offered Aeroplan points as that was one of the few that offered something I valued. Now with ScotiaBank, I have dropped that card and bought their Passport Visa Infinite Card. It is $139, but no foreign transaction fees and you collect money credit to put towards travel purchases. With what I tend to spend, that would be at least twice the cost of the card (which was free year 1). Also, it has the most robust insurance offerings I have seen on a card as far as travel and medical insurances go. I have an upcoming 26 day trip in April and when looking for travel/medical insurance combo quotes found out I am now age disadvantaged. Few will allow me to buy medical insurance more than 6 months out so would have to pay for 2 policies or a more expensive combo package that disregards age. This card covers most of what I need and I can top up on insurable extra days for medical and increase the amount covered for cancellation insurance. I estimate it has saved me $400-500 on insurance.
For what it is worth, it also gives 6 airport lounge passes a year. Like other cards, however, it is weak on the rental car insurance coverage.
Personally, I would much prefer going on line and reading the card coverage as it is current and may be more comprehensive and informative to calling a bank - who is maybe reading the same screen.
If this doesn't suit you, HomeTrust (who I had never heard of before) offers a no fee Visa card with no foreign transaction fees and 1% cash back. I have both as I always have a back up card.

For what it is worth, to date, these are only 2 of 3 Cdn no foreign transaction fee credit cards available. The ScotiaBank has a minimum income clause. Home Trust has minimal requirements but should be easy for anyone with a good credit rating to get one. The other one I was looking at requires even a larger annual income than I can achieve. There have been a few other cards in the past but they have folded. As ScotiaBank and HomeTrust are Canadian, I am going to trust their stability. The one from Amazon folded and Chase has backed out of the Canadian market entirely.
Allan, perhaps this gives you some food for thought.
Edit: CAA doesn't have good foreign car rental insurance options in my research. They are again limited on what they cover. I have been a member for years, and have my car insurance through them. It helps for US travel as you can get a $50 annual rider on your car insurance specifically for rental cars.
Canadian banks are not required to line item the charges on statements as it appears is required in the US.

Posted by
5396 posts

Alan, we're RBC customers as well. Our understanding of purchasing foreign cash from the bank is that it is no fee, but the exchange rate they give us is about 2 1/2 - 3% above the "bank rate". (Because nobody gets the bank rate except banks). So it's similar to the rate you get from a foreign ATM, but without the $5 added fee. We tend to bring 500-1000 GBP or Euros in cash then hit the ATM when we run low, then take out the max to minimize the number if transaction fees. Just the cost of doing things here. And we use our Visa Infinite Avion for the majority of purchases over 20 euros or so. Rack up a lot of points that way. I wouldn't want to risk using my bank card for anything other than ATMs even if it was allowed.

Posted by
45 posts

I agree with Allen
I too use RBC and also prefer to carry and take cash with me. RBC only has about a 1.5% exchange rate on money compared to the world exchange. I just checked $100 cad is worth 75.08 us if I exchange right now through RBC I would get 73.41 us. So 1.6 on $100.
Plus the best part of exchanging your money at the bank before is you can watch the market. When we were going to England in 2016 we knew that brexit was going to throw a wrench in the money market so we waited for the vote then exchanged a bunch of money. Than two month later we went on our trip and the market not only returned but had risen higher. Than we returned the left over money when we returned home and made money on the exchange.

For bigger stuff I use credit card which is 2% fee on foreign transaction.
Also my pin is 5 digits and it has worked fine in England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany and Austria with no issues.

Posted by
5837 posts

To check, ask them how many US$ you can get for CA$100. Compare that to what Google shows. The difference is their markup.

Comparison to the posted Interbank rate is one way to check mark-up provided you use the Interbank rate applicable to the bank's execution time. The Interbank rate fluctuates with time.

A second way to check mark-up is to use your banks sell/buy rates. Sell $100 CAD at the bank's rate and record the number of EUR you receive. Sell that amount of EUR back to the bank. Half of the difference between the starting $100CAD and what the bank returns to you when you sell the EUR is the bank's markup.

Posted by
3522 posts

Yes, the interbank rate fluctuates. So does the rate the bank charges its customer. But if you get a value today, the spread 6 weeks from now will probably be the same. Not really looking for an exact number here, just a ballpark number to show what the marked up exchange rate is costing.

Posted by
1087 posts

Thanks Allan and other fellow Canadians. Very useful research and comments. I'm with CIBC and I have used their foreign cash delivery feature. The rate was closer than usual to the interbank rate, iirc it was under 2% higher, which is about as good as I could do overseas at an ATM. I also have the Home Trust card, no annual and no foreign transaction fees. Finally, for cash withdrawal overseas, I have a Tangerine account. If you use a bank in their network (through Scotiabank), there is no ATM fee. The list of affiliated banks is pretty long in Western Europe, a little thinner elsewhere. I like to save pennies and nickels where I can on fees, but I don’t let it hobble me from doing what I want to on trips.

Posted by
4506 posts

A little bit off the topic of travel but in yesterday's quest for foreign exchange info I came across this article on the history of the Canadian dollar vs the $US.
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/economy/a-brief-history-of-the-canadian-dollar/article1366590/
In the 1600's Beaver and Moose pelts were considered legal tender. Considering that the beaver pelt was a hot commodity at the time in Europe, I wonder if we can convince the EU to go retro and accept them again in trade for Pounds and Euros?

Posted by
5837 posts

EU not likely to take beaver pelts as official exchange but I suspect that a case could be made for Canadian/Alberta oil.

Posted by
3941 posts

I'm also like to take some foreign dollars with me to have on hand when we go over, and if I have to pay a bit of a markup - I'm OK with that.

Just want to mention, we bank with both Scotiabank and Simplii (formerly President's Choice, now CIBC affiliated). Earlier this year, I got an email from Simplii that I could order foreign money and they'd expresspost that to me. Thinking about when I go to SB and wait in line to change $, I thought I'd give it a go. I also wanted to get some Czech Koruna and felt certain I'd have to ask them to order that for me at SB and make a return trip. So late last month I ordered my GBP, Euro and Kor - had it within 3 days and the shipping was free. (But you have to be home to sign for the parcel, and I missed the door bell and had to go pick it up at the PO).

Nice option to have. I hate standing in line at the bank. And I got a $10 credit to my account for using the service.

I generally don't take all the cash I expect to use with me - we usually end up at an ATM within the first 4-5 days. For this trip since we only have 4 nights in CR and GB, I figured what I got would do us for those few days.

Disclaimer - I didn't look into what the exchange rate was vs what I had to pay for the $... I was just happy to not have to stand in line at the bank for it.

Posted by
5396 posts

In the 1600's Beaver and Moose pelts were considered legal tender.
Considering that the beaver pelt was a hot commodity at the time in
Europe, I wonder if we can convince the EU to go retro and accept them
again in trade for Pounds and Euros?

Um, pretty sure that was long before protected species and animal rights were a thing. Try that today and you'd be tarred and (faux) feathered. Lol.

Posted by
3452 posts

Great post.
I go to Europe most years, and always take about E1,00 in cash with me.
I need it to pay my apartment hosts in cash.
If I really need to, I go to an ATM there, but not so keen on that.
I've discovered that getting my Euro from a currency exchange is far cheaper than getting it from my local RBC branch!

Posted by
4506 posts

I've discovered that getting my Euro from a currency exchange is far
cheaper than getting it from my local RBC branch!

Where do you go? I just checked the rates for the Pound (GBD) between Calforex and RBC. Calforex was slightly cheaper at 1.6788 vs. RBC at 1.685.

Posted by
3452 posts

Hi Allan,

There's a place here called Vancouver Currency and Bullion Exchange.

https://www.vbce.ca/

I'm sure if you look, you'll find similar places near you.
Never a wait or need to pre-order for different currencies, as they stock it all.
I walked in off the street last year , and got Icelandic and Danish currency right away.

Posted by
67 posts

To cover my day today expenses while I am traveling in europe, I use CIBC Air Canada AC conversion debit card. You could load cash in different european currencies including GBP, Euro,and CHF. It is possible to deposit the money online into this account as an expense through your CIBC Credit card or even few of the other Credit cards issued by other Canadian Banks through your cell phone App. So far as I can see, no foreign exchange fees are included in this transaction (ie, depositing funds into this debit card).

The CIBC Air Canada Ac conversion card is a standard Chip and Pin card and can be used to withdraw money at any Bank ATM in europe that can handle Visa card transactions.You can also convert the type of currency (for example, from GBP to EURO) already loaded within the card, internally, with your smartphone App.I have used this Debit card during several of my european trips over past 3 years with great Benefit and without worrying about Foreign exchange transaction fees. It is easy to apply and obtain this card by filling an application form through Air Canada or CIBC websites. I tend to load European currencies into this card whenever CAD develops some traction in the currency exchange arena, and use the cash during my next european journey.

Posted by
11507 posts

I guess I am a lucky Canadian !

I bank with TD - and I have free foreign ATM withdrawals with the type of account I have - which if I keep a minimum balance , I also pay no bank fees .

Apparently this feature( free foreign atm withdrawal) is no longer offered , however I talked to my bank and I have been Godfathered in !

Was in Europe this past May and June and true enough , paid no atm fees .

My local bank branch always has euros on hand too - I usually only bring 100-150 just to start me off .

Posted by
3941 posts

We use our Scotiabank debit when we need to take out some money and they do have some partner banks where we can take money out without incurring the $5 fee that SB will implement - in UK, I believe it's Barclays, in places like France and Italy it's BNP.

But at the end of the day - we may use the ATM's 2 or 3 times, and if we had to pay $10-15 on a $7k+ trip, it's just a drop in the bucket. But I do hate to give the bank any more in fees than I have to, so we do try and use the partner ATM's if convenient.

Posted by
4656 posts

Thanks for that tip Nicole P. Unfortunately for me, the only country covered on my upcoming cruise (which involves 6 different currencies) is Italy....my last port of call.
I never thought about partner banks before.