Do the cyber cafes allow connecting USB cable to upload the best pictures to an online photo service?
Some do, some don't - sorry it's not the most helpful answer but that's the way it is. I'm sure if you're willing to put in the legwork you could find somewhere that will.
Does anyone have a good ideas about how to protect these precious memories in the event my camera is stolen, etc.?
Well first the chances of your camera getting stolen are slim so I wouldn't over worry but there are a few things you could do.
Most camera shops will have the option of burning your photos onto CD (just like in the US,) some cyber-cafes also offer the service and in large supermarkets you'll find the self service machines that you can use yourself. (Make sure to check the CD works before you delete any files from the camera.)
Assuming your camera uses removable media (MMC, SD, MemoryStick,) and most do, you could just spread your picture over multiple cards.
There are some portable hard drives that will connect directly to a camera that you can back up to. I'm not to sure of the details here but I remember other posters talking about these in the past.
Finally you could take a laptop/netbook and use that to upload your pictures.