The ATMs I used in Turkey to withdraw Turkish lira did not have a fixed transaction fee.
They showed two withdrawal options: use their Dynamic Currency Conversion which wrapped the fee into the amount withdrawn, or decline DCC and pay a separate fixed % fee for the transaction as a variable transaction fee. When making the choice, the ATM clearly showed each option, including how much cash I would receive in Lira, and the % rate I would pay as a fee if I didn't use DCC.
I was using my Schwab ATM card, knowing that they reimburse ATM fees worldwide.
Each time, I declined the DCC model - on my understanding that the conversion rate would be less favorable. I could see on the screen that I would get more Lira with this choice.
And also in the hope that Schwab would see the %-fee-in-lieu of DCC as an ATM charge and reimburse it. They did.
At the end of May (my first month traveling and using ATMs in Turkey) Schwab reimbursed me for the % of transaction ATM charges.
Had I chosen the fee being built into the transaction through their DCC calculation, I believe that Schwab would not have seen it as an ATM fee and would not have reimbursed anything. I don't know this for certain because I never used the DCC option.