I know that lithium batteries are not supposed to be checked, but evidently if they are used during a flight, they can cause a problem. Like in this recent flight where a passenger was charging her phone with a power bank. It ignited, causing a fire and consequently an emergency landing.
Very scary stuff, in my opinion. The article pointed out that Delta at this point has no rules against using your devices containing lithium batteries, but I would think that some kind of mandate might come soon.
https://www.thestreet.com/travel/delta-flight-makes-emergency-landing-after-terrifying-incident