Speaking as someone who has a lot of credit cards, I think you have unrealistic expectations. Specifically this:
what credit cards is everyone using that still offer car rental
insurance coverage, as well as no foreign transaction fees and 2X
points on all purchases?
I think you also have an additional implied/unstated condition in there: no big annual fee (apologies if that's not really true, but you are balking at high Amex fees, and when you cite examples of the cards you do have, they have very low annual fees).
It's the expectation that you're going to "get all the goodies" and not pay even a modest (mid-level) annual fee that I think is unrealistic. These folks are in business, they're not supported by government subsidies (well, some actually are, but that's not the point...). None that I know of are giving away all the top benefits for free or nearly free.
There are many, many cards that provide valuable auto insurance benefits, a very common feature. I think I have about 4 or 5 of them, I've lost track of the cards I have that offer this benefit because I always use the same card for car rentals - that's the Chase Sapphire Preferred. Annual fee is $95, a bargain (and a no-brainer for me); this is what I'd call a typical low-to-mid range annual fee for any card that provides a generous set of benefits. (Cheap cards = few benefits. You get more/better benefits with cards that cost more. Not surprising.)
In 2024 I'll be renting cars for a total of 4-5 weeks on multiple foreign trips, and the insurance benefit on this card will save me many hundreds of dollars easily. This card earns 2X on "travel" and 3X on "restaurants." Not 2X on everything, (which you state as a primary criteria). You might consider it as an option that gets very close to what you're looking for. I've had this card for over 10 years and am a very satisfied customer; it has saved me many thousands of dollars on car rental insurance alone (plus it provides other benefits I use which are valuable to me). I pay the $95 annual fee on this card happily. For me, a smokin' good deal. But it's not for everyone, YMMV.
There are simply not that many cards that earn 2X on everything, so that greatly limits your options right there (an understatement).
There may be others, but the only 2X-on-everything, no-FTF card that I know of that also does provide car insurance coverage has a fairly-high fee of $195 (that's Chase Ink Premier, a business card; I do not have this card so no personal experience with it).
There are just not any cards I know of that meet your stated criteria (maybe others have a better suggestions). Based on my experience, I think you need to re-calibrate your expectations.
Hope this helps a bit and good luck with whatever you decide to do.