Can I take a small quantity of beef jerky into the Netherlands from USA?
No, you can't.
Eat it before you land.
Homemade or fresh food is basically not allowed. Most countries allow purchased packaged foods in. We bring protein bars, gorp as filler foods on trips. They are not opened when we arrive. Check for the rules in your travel country. I googled bringing Jerky into Europe and it said no meat products can be brought into Europe.
You can get beef jerky in stores in the Netherlands (or at least in Utrecht)