I will be in Munich and Salzburg from the 26th through April 5. I am staying at Hotel am Viktualienmarkt in Munich and Pension Chiemsee in Salzburg. What would be the easiest way to these hotels from the train stations?
For Hotel am Viktualienmarkt, if you arrive at the Hauptbahnhof, take the S-Bahn to Marienplatz. It is a short walk SE from there. On the other hand, if you are coming from the east, and your train goes first to the Ostbahnhof, take the S-Bahn from there to Marienplatz.
In Salzburg, it's easiest to take the bus from Hauptbahnhof. You can take line 3, 5 or 6 to Mozartsteg. The hotel is a few blocks from the stop.
You can pick up a free bus map at the TI in the Hauptbahnhof and buy a pretty inexpensive one-day bus pass if you want to see a bit more, or just a one-way bus ticket.