Bergen to Amsterdam

I'm going to ask a blunt question -- have you looked at a map?

Bergen and Amsterdam are 1500 km (900 miles) apart by road and are separated by bodies of water (i.e. you need to cross something to get from the Scandinavian peninsula to the "mainland" part of Europe).

Doing this by train will be a multi-day, multi-train journey -- I would think you would have to change trains in Oslo, Copenhagen, and Hamburg at the very minimum. I'm not actually sure if this can be done in 3 days because of the scheduling of the trains.

All this isn't to say that you shouldn't do it, if the timing, logistics, and desire to spend (lots of) time on a train work for you, but I personally wouldn't want to do this trip by train unless I had no other choice.

I looked at the current schedules. The best time will take about 28 hours and include 5 changes. (This is just an estimate since the exact schedule won't be out until sometime next year.)

Or you can take a combination of ferry, train and bus which will take even longer.

By 2027 there will be through trains from Oslo to Malmo (possibly Copenhagen), so that will eliminate the change at Gothenburg. The trains will certainly be run by Vy (the same company as run Bergen to Oslo), but there are two other companies interested as well.
If I was doing the trip for efficiency I would have arrival day in Bergen for sightseeing, then take the night train to Oslo, for onward connections.
Or, coming off the cruise in Bergen, you should easily be able to do a half Norway in a Nutshell- the 1035 train to Myrdal for Flam or the 1115 direct bus to Flam (also calls at Gudvangen), the afternoon cruise to Gudvangen, bus up to Voss, day train back into Bergen for the night train to avoid joining the night train at Voss at half past midnight.
There is also a night train from Malmo to Hamburg, then day train to Amsterdam. I know SJ have said this is ending due to loss of subsidy, but it is currently understood that it will continue without the previous subsidy.

If you took the mid morning Bergen to Oslo train then flixbus also run a night bus from Oslo to Hamburg for rail to Amsterdam next morning.
One slight question- in Amsterdam is the cruise departing from Amsterdam PTA or from Ijmuiden (which many cruise companies call Amsterdam, but isn't really, being at the wrong end of the Nord See Kanal)

Unless you have some medical reason for not flying— flying is the most practical ( flights take 1:45) and least expensive mode.of transport to get from Bergen to Amsterdam.

Of course, you might actually enjoy spending close to 30 hours getting from point A to point B. The train ride from Bergen to Oslo is one of the most scenic in the world. You must buy the train ticket from www.Vy.no. Oslo to Copenhagen can be done by ferry or train. Copenhagen to Amsterdam can be done by train.

The Man in Seat 61 says you take an overnight cruise ferry from Oslo to Kiel (Germany). Here is his page on AMS to Oslo/Norway:
https://www.seat61.com/international-trains/trains-from-Amsterdam.htm#Amsterdam-Oslo
If you haven't been to Amsterdam before (frankly, even if you have), flying is the way to go. Spend your pre-cruise time there.

By train all the way the fare throughout, is about US$166, looking in a months time + any sleeper supplements (which take the place of hotel nights)- looking at the Vy and DB websites.

Bergen to Gothenburg as a through ticketed journey with Vy is 598Kr (US$63) and Gothenburg to Amsterdam booked as a through ticket with DB (German Railways) is 89 Euro (US$103).

Thank you all! Did not know about the Man in Seat 61. That's very helpful. I knew it would be a long haul but now I know I have options and what companies to look at.

Another potential ferry route (if it's the right day of the week) is Bergen to Hirsthals at the north of Denmark. The Fjord Line ferry leaves from the Hurtigruten Terminal at Bergen (so not the same place as the Cruise Terminal) at 1400 and arrives in Hirsthals at 0800 next day. From Hirsthals you take the frequent private railway to Hjorring- pay on the spot.
From Hjorring (on the DSB- Danish Railways- main line you can book a through ticket with DB (German Railways) to Amsterdam. The fare tomorrow is 130 Euro (US$151) so booked ahead will be somewhat cheaper.

The 1011 is the last train from Hjorring to get you to Amsterdam in a day- at 0100.

The 1111 would only get you as far as Hengelo (2346) or Zwolle (0039)- continue the short distance to Amsterdam next day.

I've done UK to various places in Norway quite a few times overland via various routes, usually via the former Amsterdam to Copenhagen Sleeper train, then variations in Scandinavia.

It would be a shame to scoot through Hirsthals so fast as it's quite an interesting port town, but needs must.

I"m going to agree with Kenko's idea. You might as well make it more than just transportation from one place to another.

The train from Bergen to Oslo is breathtaking. Then the overnight ferry from Oslo to Copenhagen. (An overnight ferry is a lot more comfortable than an overnight train.)

Then a train from Copenhagen to Amsterdam. This portion is still going to be nearly 12 hours with multiple changes but it will get you to Amsterdam by the end of the day.

I have taken the train from Bergen to Oslo and, you're right - it's very scenic. I have done the Flam as well. I like the idea of the overnight ferry to Copenhagen. Good to know that that's a better option than the night train. Probably less likely to be delayed as well. This will be in August so weather will probably not be a problem (hopefully). Thank you so much for all the advice!

I like the idea of the overnight ferry to Copenhagen.

Given it will be August, it will be a relatively short night.

It is not quite clear what you mean by 3 days later, but if you mean that literally then the Oslo to Copenhagen or Kiel ferry won't work.

On Day 1 (the day you arrive at Bergen) you can't physically get to Oslo in time for the ferry (whereas you can for the Bergen to Hirsthals ferry).

Thus you sail from Oslo on the evening of Day 2 to Copenhagen or Kiel, arriving on Day 3. If I'd had to stay the night in Oslo I would maybe feel that the ferry to Kiel was the better one than Copenhagen. Of the two I think that the Kiel one is definitely the superior ship (and distinctly more expensive).

Then you spend Day 3 on the train to Amsterdam, so can only embark at Amsterdam on Day 4.

So routing via Hirsthals you arrive at Amsterdam on the very late evening of Day 2, ready to embark on Day 3. The day sailing from Bergen to Stavanger (on the way to Hirsthals) is very scenic. Or you could take the very scenic coach/bus ride down the coast from Bergen to Stavanger (including the bus driving onto a domestic ferry) and embark the Hirsthals ferry at Stavanger. That is a real improvement as the ferry call used to be at Egersund in the suburbs of Stavanger which was a bit of a pain to get to.

At Copenhagen the Oslo ferry docks at the old emigrant quay where the ships taking emigrants from Denmark and Greenland (in some cases) to the United States departed from. I wasn't aware until yesterday (when doing some research for a Local History Society in WA state) that there are apparently two memorials to those emigrants on the quayside. I'm not sure how accessible they are to ferry passengers.

Good information here. To clarify, I arrive 8am on day 1, days 2 and 3 are whole, then depart Amsterdam at 6pm on day 4.

As we have an extra day now that makes a big difference. You could do the Norway in a Nutshell in a day route from Bergen to Oslo, stay there for the night, ferry to Kiel, train to Amsterdam, stay there one night.
This isn't a cheap way to do it, by any means.
Probably the most expensive way in fact.
But to me it is what makes it a journey to remember. A real reason to go overland, rather than a quick flight.
I've done all the segments, just not in a single trip.