florence to paris, paris to brugges, back to paris

Although the prices may seem attractive I do not recommend taking Ryan Air. It is similar to Southwest in the US, where Paris really means a suburb of Paris. You have to take a bus for about an hour, and they stop running before the fights. As a new traveler it can be a bit overwhelming to get from Charles de Gaulle into the city anyhow, you don't want to deal with taking a bus from the burbs too.
Don't bother trying to book a train ticket in France before you get there. Unless you have a French credit card to retrieve it you'll have to stand in line anyhow. Speaking of, you should plan to arrive at the train station an hour early to wait in line.
I would take an overnight train from Florence to Paris. Spend the extra for first class if you want a decent night sleep.

I haven't done an exact Paris to Brugges train ride, but I've ridden on all the components. The most direct route is from Paris to Brussels, and then take a local train from Brussels to Brugges. If you ride the high-speed Thalys line from Paris to Brussels (it doesn't go to Brugges), your total travel time should be about 4-5 hours.

Unfortunately, the two national flag carriers are the only ones that make the Florence-Paris run direct. You could try Brussels airlines to BRussels and then take the TGV into Paris, or head for Milan or Rome and fly from there. But, with all the time that will take, it might be just as well to take a train from Florence to Paris. There are about 6 daytime connections that take between 11 and 12 1/2 hours. If you want to come back to Rome, or go onto Milan, check out flylc.com and whichbudget.com for discount airline connections. On flylc, if the link takes you to the BravoFly site, avoid it. Simply note the names of the airlines making the run and go to their websites directly. That way, you won't miss out all their various rules and regulations regarding luggage and check-in times. As an earlier poster said, avoid Ryanair unless it's your last option. (more)

As noted, you can get to Bruges via Brussels on the thalys hi speed train (some early-booking prices available if you book far enough in advance, and your schedule is firm). Book Thalys to Brussels, spend a few hours touring Grand Place, then take one of the local trains to Bruges (3 or 4 an hour, an hour's journey). You can come back the same way, or you can take a local train Bruges-Lille, and pick up the Eurostar there for a run into Paris. However, not all trains from Lille or Brussels stop at CDG, so you must be careful to choose the right connections....otherwise you will have to come into Paris then catch the RER to CDG. Use the German rail website at bahn.de (click on English in the upper right) for the best set of schedules out there. Personally, I would NOT make such a trip on the day my plane was to depart....too many chances of delay. I would come in the night before and stay at an inexpensive Ibis or Etap hotel at CDG.

The direct night train from Florence to Paris would be a good choice if you want to save the cost of a night in a hotel and have more daylight hours for sightseeing.

Your cheapest airline choice would be Pisa-Paris Orly on easyJet. You can get from Florence to the Pisa airport by train in 1hr22min (one change at Pisa Centrale).

Norm's word of caution about taking the train to CDG on the same day as your departure is a good one. However, if you decide to do it, the earliest route requires leaving Brugge on an IC train at 05:58, changing in Gent to another IC train to Lille, and then taking a TGV from Lille to CDG, arriving at 09:21.

If you go to Brugges, do stop in Ghent as well. In the evening, the medieval buildings on the canals are illuminated and it is so romantic.