Amsterdam to Alps by train?

If you want to see the Alps then I think Switzerland is the most obvious answer. Try flying home from Zurich...it's a nice airport, has a train station, located in Switzerland

Amsterdam is far enough from the Alps that there probably is no "easiest" destination from the Netherlands. If cost is an issue, Switzerland is clearly the most expensive destination, Slovenia probably the cheapest.

There is a low cost carrier called Transavia.com serving Amsterdam Rotterdam airport to Salzburg and Innsbruck in Austria. If you're just into being in an Alpine environment for a few days fly to Innsbruck. It's loctated in a deep valley in the middle of the alps. A cable car takes you up to the peaks from just outside of downtown. From up there and on a good day you can see all the way up in the the Bavarian and down into the Italian alps. Plus Innsbruck is a very nice but small town, has got very good food to offer etc etc. Salzburg is very interesting as a city but is not as deep in the mountains as Innsbruck is. You'd have to rent a car or book bus tours as day trips from there.

Do Amsterdam. Take the night train to Munich for Oktoberfest. PROST! Then head to the Berner Oberland area out side Inkterlaken and fly home from Bern, Basil or Zurich. Planes don't like to fly very well in the Alps. Enjoy. Prost!

You can take an overnight train from Centraal Station in AMS to Basel, Switzerland. You can pay extra to get a berth, which is nice. From Basel you can easily catch a train to Bern, the capital of Switzerland. From Bern it is an easy train to Interlaken and into the Lauterbrunned valley, probably one of the most beautiful areas of Switzerland.