Before using a credit card, check if there is a conversion fee. (I have 2 credit cards, one has no conversion fee, one has a 5% conversion fee) The conversion fee is applied to whatever amount you put on the card, so for every $100, I would be charged $5 on the 5% card. Obviously I use my other credit card when I travel internationally.
My first choice is to use my debit card to take out cash from an ATM (bankomat). My debit card has no conversion fee but many do. Check that before you go as well. TIP Use ATM's owned by local banks and that are preferably on the bank site (either in it or attached right outside). There are ATMS owned by Travelex and others where you get poor conversion rates and higher fees. I have never been charged a fee using a bank ATM and always get whatever the bank conversion rates are at that time.
The worst thing I could do would be to take a cash advance on my Credit card. Not only are their fees involved, but I am charge interest from the moment I take the money out of the ATM.
What I do:
I use my debit card to get cash from a local ATM (Please see below about Dynamic currency conversion). When I am only in a country for a few days, I take a smaller amount and use my credit card for larger purchases. Be advised that there are still many small businesses that will only take cash and check with restaurants and B&B's before assuming you can use your credit card. Because my debit has no fees attached, I can always run to a an ATM and get more if needed.
Use my no conversion fee credit card for larger purchases. On a side note, read about the Currency Conversion fees here:
https://thepointsguy.com/2015/06/dynamic-currency-conversion/
I always push the button that says I want my money processed in the local currency. Avoid anything that has it in US dollars.
The hard part of using cash is that it becomes useless once you leave the country. (Too expensive to change back small amounts!) We have had good luck paying some bills part cash and part CC. For example, when we left Munich in 2018, we payed part of our htoel bill with our remaining euros and put the rest on the CC. Our B&B in Switzerland would not take a Credit Card, so we set aside the cash we needed and used the rest to get drinks at a hotel where we were enjoying the live music they provided. We have even stopped at a few convenience stores and used up our last bit of local currency on snacks. And once, I brought home 10 British candy bars purchased at the airport with the last of my pounds. (Made great small gifts to friends). It kind of becomes a game to get rid of it all (and the game of trying to estimate how much we need).
What I NEVER do:
Exchange money here at home before going on a trip. I truly don't understand why people do this. They pay extra fees for money that I can walk off a plane and get at the airport (although I do have to look harder for bank ATMs at the airport)
Exchange money had a "money exchange store". Why would I accept their rates and fees when my bank at home gives me a better rate without any fees.
As for using Euros in Switzerland, I only tried it once and they were refused. (it was right at the border, I had used all my SF and needed an Austrian Vignette. I asked if I could pay in Euros...not allowed, However, this small convenience gas station did take my credit card so it was fine)