We'll be traveling in Spring 2017 from Munich to Switzerland, and want to see Zermatt and the Matterhorn before flying home via Zurich. I'd welcome any information/suggestions about the best route and transportation to accomplish this. Thanks in advance!
This site will show you the train routes and ticket prices. http://www.sbb.ch/en/home.html
Remember that spring weather is iffy, so you will need enough time there, several days, to improve the odds of getting a view of that mountain.
In finding routes for trains (or any other transport), you generally don't need to second guess. Just go to the railway company website (For example http://www.sbb.ch/en/home.html = SBB = Swiss Federal Railways), and just enter Munich to Zermatt, and Zermatt to Zürich Flughafen (airport), and it will find you the quickest route.
Most direct routing is ...
Munich > Zurich > Visp > Zermatt
12.33pm Munich departure gets you into Zermatt at 20:14pm.