Your 2 dates are both Sundays. Are you arriving on 9 January and departing on 23 January? If so, you actually have 14 nights in Paris, Spain and Portugal. And you don’t really have the 9th or the 23rd to do much, due to jet-lag on the 9th and departure requirements on the 23rd. So, full-days with comfortable shoes on the cobblestones somewhere are 13.
Where do you arrive? Where do you depart from for home? Where you begin and end your trip will affect how much time you have to play with and how to work out the logistics.
Assuming you're talking about January 2022, your logistics will also be affected by the varied Covid-19 requirements in each country. Be sure to research those. Just because it's the EU doesn't mean that the rules are the same everywhere.
With your very short time, you will likely need to fly between the major cities you choose to visit. Both Spain and France are very large countries and Portugal is difficult to get to efficiently except by plane.
In the summer of 2019 (seems so long ago), I did the long Rick Steves tours to Portugal and Spain. Because I was flying non-rev (stand-by) on Delta, I flew RT to Amsterdam. Typically the most efficient way to fly is multi-city, especially when the starting place is a significant distance from the ending place.
After spending 3 nights in Haarlem, I flew TAP (good) to Lisbon from Amsterdam a few days before the tour started. The tour ended in Porto. The same day I flew from Porto on Ryanair (bad) to Barcelona to spend a few days before the Spain tour began there. I stayed over an extra night in Sevilla after the tour ended and flew back to Amsterdam on Transavia (okay), spending my last night back in Haarlem before flying home from Amsterdam the next day.
If you don’t have guidebooks, an easy way to try to prioritize what to see in the cities in Spain that you list, or those in Portugal or Paris, is to use the Explore Europe section of this website. There you can pick the country and city and see some brief but good information on what to see there. This is the link: https://www.ricksteves.com/europe
I prefer to take trains and some of the intra-European flights were not very comfortable, but the distances were simply too long for that to be practical. You may find that to be true for your planning, too.
Four full days requires 5 nights in Spain. I agree with others that trying to do 2 of the cities you list is 1 too many. My first choice for a first visit to Spain would be Barcelona. Number 2 would be Sevilla with a day trip to see the Mezquita in Cordoba. There's more than enough to see and do in either city, as the link above will lead you to discover.
No matter where you go, remember that the days will be short and some sites may close earlier than you might expect. Timeandate.com will give you details on sunrise, sunset and weather for each place you plan to go.
