What are your interests? I've been to all of these places but wouldn't choose to do all of them again necessarily but some I would. But...that's me.
I LOVED Ljubljana! It's just a delightful small city, with a tiny river running through it, quaint bridges across it, and a castle on the hill. It's a great town to come back to at night - very vibrant, lively.
I loved little Rovinj too. But, it doesn't take much time to see. It's more of a good base for exploring Croatian Istria, I'd say - e.g. the hill towns (which I guess you aren't interested in?) Rovinj reminds me a lot of Piran (probably not fair, but...they both have Venetian bell towers). Piran is a charming little town too - so close to Portorož that hopefully you will get to spend time there. Some people prefer Rovinj, but if you get to see at least Piran, maybe it's OK to skip Rovinj entirely. Up to you whether the rest of Croatian Istria you were planning to explore is worth your time on this trip.
Opatija is an old Austrian resort town with big old villas. The town itself was kind of gaudy for me more than charming, but the waterfront is nice. There is a long Lungomare (coastal walk from Rijeka past Opatija) that's pretty fun - more old Austrian villas in the wood along the walk. But I'm not sure I would go out of my way just to see this area and nothing else. Depends what your interests are.
There are some lovely small towns near Ljubljana like Skofja Loka and Kamnik. I love the scenic drive through the mountains from Skofja Loka to Bled (not via the highway). Lake Bled is beautiful but the town of Bled, while convenient, is nothing special. It's possible spend more time near Lake Bled and Lake Bohinj (less touristy, more naturalistic than Bled and larger) and slow down your journey a little if you wanted to cut out other stuff. I stayed over in Bled and drove the Vršič Pass starting there, taking my time, and stopping over in Kobarid (war museum there if it interests you).
Trieste is kind of OK but it sounds like you are flying out of there anyway? It has some historical significance for sure, and it definitely has its champions, but to me it seemed more like another noisy Italian tourist town, bigger and less charming than anything I saw in Slovenia. If you are flying out of Trieste, then it would make sense to explore it...but keep in mind, dropping the car in Trieste might incur a steep one-way drop fee. It's possible to fly out of Trieste airport and skip the town entirely; the Slovenian company Go Opti does affordable shared rides to top destinations like airports, and they could get you to the regional airports from any Slovenian town.