EDITED: - Ha - so we all ended up posting at the same time!
Glencoe is a valley, through which passes the A82 - the main road from the south to Fort William and beyond. A number of Citylink buses pass through the valley and you can see the timetable here. I am no expert on public transport (isn31c is our expert on this forum) but it would seem there are two main bus stops. The southern one is the Glencoe ski area (near the Kings House Hotel) and the other (northern) one is the visitor centre. There is a third stop entitled Glencoe Cross Roads, which I think must be in Glencoe village itself. If you look at Google maps or similar you will get an idea of the distance between those three bus stops, but you might struggle to get a sense of the topography unless you switch to the terrain view, at which point you will see that the road goes right between some pretty high mountains.
There are many hikes that you could do in the area, but you would want to be adequately equipped for mountain walking with stout boots, hiking poles and waterproof, windproof clothing. The Walk Highlands site would give you an idea of the hikes in that area.
You could get off the bus at the Glencoe Ski centre stop and then walk (flat but then steeply downhill) following the line of the A82 road to the visitor centre via Glencoe itself, but I don't think it would be a particularly fun walk as it is a very, very busy road and you'd need to stay well clear of the road, which will involve boggy ground a lot of clambering about.
In short, I don't think it would be a particularly fun expedition to make by bus unless you just want a scenic bus ride! What you could do however, if what you are after is scenery, is take the bus from Glasgow to Fort William (via Glencoe) and then return by train. The train takes a different route - equally scenic.
You can find out more about Glencoe and the visitor centre here