Look, it's important to understand that this IS an international trip, and that Bruges is a "spur" journey, out of the way towards a coast. The popularity of the destination doesn't change any of that. And it's a long distance from Amsterdam Centraal. It's not a suburban commuter train.
When you go on the NL International site, it tries to present you with a list of departure times. But they list the pricing. When I look at June 21 today, the Thalys trips area all over 100 Euros, and the IC trips are, like, 45 Euros. While I don't know for certain that the IC price is "fixed", the result is what you want, a cheap trip. Two of the key questions (which I haven't been in the Netherlands recently enough to answer) are whether that ticket is good on ANY IC that day, and whether (I do think the answer to this is, Yes:) the Belgian leg is indifferent to time and routing. So you could get on ANY train to Bruges, in either Antwerp or Brussels. If you go through Brussels, you could go look at Grand Place and take a (five or more hourly) later train to Bruges.
But here's a useful NL fare condition:
"You can travel with any Intercity or regional train, provided that you adhere to the travel day, the route (border point), the fare conditions and possible international off-peak hours in combination with your NS-subscription"
Another key question is whether a seat reservation is required. But the website would tell you that. I don't think these IC trains require a seat reservation. I'm not saying "You're making this too hard", but rather "It isn't as hard as you think it is."