Amsterdam

For convenience, anywhere in the series of canal belts is fine, and then the Museumplein area as well. Expect though that you will pay a premium price, if that is a big factor.

For a price break, I have stayed near the Sloterdijk train station, usually in the Holiday Inn Express. It is just a few minutes to Centraal station, trams, metro and buses from there. Easy trains to outlying towns.

I have also stayed outside of Amsterdam, in Haarlem a number of times, and in Leiden a few times. The train time to Amsterdam increases to 15-30 minutes, but you get a nice smaller town/city vibe for the evenings, and there are some pretty decent sights in both those towns.

Leiden is very convenient for the airport, as is the Sloterdijk station area. However, with the good train system, really, the whole area from Amsterdam to Rotterdam, down to Utrecht, is very accessible, and hour or less of travel gets you about anywhere.

My Amsterdam bucket list includes staying at one of the bridge houses operated by Sweets:
https://sweetshotel.amsterdam
Some of them are in less convenient areas.
There are lots of hotel reviews for Amsterdam on the forum:
https://community.ricksteves.com/travel-forum/netherlands-reviews