Random Covid Testing Italy

No. I think that this is a possibility in a rare circumstance, but highly unlikely.

Every country retains the right to test any arriving passenger. Some, without you even knowing, have thermal cameras that scan arriving passengers, looking for signs of active fever. Efforts do ebb and flow, if a new variant emerged, monitoring would step up, right now, probably little is done until numbers go up again.

On my trip to Italy a year ago, there were health officials in the aisles just past immigration randomly (?) stopping people asking for vaccination and/or testing proof (a requirement at that time), and asking general health questions.

It's not going to really answer your question, but I am in Italy at the moment, and there appears to have been a huge releaxation in Covid precautions. Up until 30th September there were still regular announcements about the requirement for masks on trains, but those appeared to end on 1st October. I've seen nothing about covid passports or testing records since I've been here.

I took an Italo train last week in Sept and they went around examining if everyone had a mask on. Then I took an Italo train on Oct 2 and no one cared. Coincidence… or month change.. I don’t know. But that was really the only time I experienced remnants of COVID reinforcement.

In Florence thought, I did notice a lot of people still wear mask on the bus. I actually feel like I was stared at a few times since I didn’t bring mine with me on the bus…

Not a coincidence
The COVID restrictions/mask requirements were set to expire sept 30

Just got back from three weeks in in Northern Italy and didn't see any signs of the that at all.

They work to enforce masking on public transport - trains, busses, ferries - with differing degrees of thoroughness and enthusiasm.
In general you needed a mask to get onto ferries but I didn't see any enforcement of actually wearing them once you boarded. The longer the train ride was the more they seemed to enforce it. Bus riders generally wore masks but aside from the signs there wasn't any real requirement.
Outside of public transport sites and museums generally request you wear a mask and some people (including myself) did but this was more common in small towns versus big cities.

But this was the extent of any COVID activities I saw - no testing and I don't think I was never even asked for my card.

=Tod

Masks are no longer required on public transport as of Oct. 1. Still needed for hospitals and other health care facilities but that's all.

We returned from Italy yesterday. No one wears masks, save on some trains. We were on one train, and they were announcing that masks were required. We did not have on the mask, and the railroad employee did not tell us to put on the mask. 3 weeks there, no COVID. We are vaxed and boosted.