After looking at your three posts on your trip planning, I see two weeks with a focus on Florence and Naples … with Tuscany and perhaps the downgrade of Rome that you suggest, here. And 2027 is a fair bit into the future. Given your overall plan, I’d give Rome at least 3 or even 4 nights.
You have lots of time to study and consider. Not just the RS resources, including the RS website with its links to shows and podcasts, as well as his many guidebooks, you can also check out other guidebooks: DK Eyewitness, Moon, Lonely Planet, and Michelin Green Guides. Literature? Robert Stone’s The Agony and the Ecstacy, other historical fiction by Robert Harris, such as Pompeii and Imperium, and Virgil’s The Aeneid.
Fly open jaw, perhaps. Yes, it make sense to fly direct to Rome (overnight and grueling). But you can return from Naples or Florence via Munich, Paris, London, Frankfurt, wherever. The daytime flight home is not nearly as arduous. That will save you a day of backtracking to Rome and effectively extend your vacation time - “being there” - by a day.
BTW is there any way you could travel in May or September? Not as hot and not during summer vacation - but maybe you’re tied to an academic year schedule.
Now to answer the question you pose in this post as opposed to your other two. Spend at least three, preferably 4 nights in Rome, at the front end of your trip.
- Rome really sets up a lot of what you will experience in Florence, Tuscany and Naples.
- If it’s history that you want, so much of Italian history flows from Rome. The Roman Forum and the Capitoline Hill Museum, with the Capitoline Hill steps and piazza designed by Michelangelo are must sees.
- If it’s art that you want, there are churches with sculptures by Bernini and Michelangelo, paintings by Caravaggio and Raphael, and the Vatican Museum has so much great art by Michelangelo, Raphael, Botticelli, Ghirlandaio and more. The Borgia Museum. Michelangelo’s Pieta in St. Peter’s
- Architecture? Brunelleschi studied the Pantheon closely so he could create the massive dome of Florence’s Duomo.
- Churches? Not only the Vatican, but many others with relics of Peter, Michelangelo’s tomb for Pope Julius II, and many more churches apart from the Vatican with great art as mentioned above.
- You can settle into Rome upon arrival and not race off to Florence. Since you will have travelled overnight, you will be tired, but a long walk through the Forum will help you transition to European time.
Your overall trip seems to be focused on history and art, though you would like a little beach time near Naples, as well.
Buon Viagge.