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Happy 2,085th Birthday to Caesar Augustus

23 September 63 BCE marked the birth of a nephew of Julius Caesar (who had no sons of his own), and became Julius' heir as Caesar Augustus and the key figure in what we now know as the Roman Empire.

Augustus was widely respected during his reign, in part because of good works campaigns such as starting the first police and firefighting services and distributing funds to soldiers and veterans, in part because of his cultivated modesty, melting down statues of himself and restoring temples of Roman deities, and in part because of his creation of an imperial guard that acted as his personal intimidation team.

https://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/augustus.html

The month of August was named after him -- and it's a popular time for travelers to visit his city! What are your favorite sites for gaining understanding of Augustus' works and times?

Promoting himself as the man who would return Rome’s past glory, Augustus claimed that only by restoring the traditional values that had first made Rome great could he hope to make it great again. One writer commented: ‘He renewed many traditions which were fading in our age and restored 82 temples of the gods neglecting none that required repair at the time.’

As ruler of Rome, Augustus had to lead by example. He re-established traditional social rules and religious rituals, sacrificing animals to Rome’s gods. In 12 CE he made himself Pontifex Maximus, the chief priest of Rome and head of the Collegium Pontificum, the highest priests in the land. This title is nowadays held by the Pope.

Posted by
15798 posts

And belated birthday wishes from me.

There are busts of Augustus in just about every antiquities museum in Italy. My favorite sight is the Ara Pacis Augustae about 2 bridges above Sant'Angelo Castle (Hadrian's Tomb) on the other side of the Tiber. In remarkable condition and absolutely gorgeous.

There are 2 historical novelists I love that have done tons of research before writing books set in ancient Rome, Robert Graves and Robert Harris. Graves has lots of details about Augustus, especially his private life, in I. Claudius which was also made into a British tv series. I'm now rereading (this time audiobooks) Harris's trilogy of the life of Cicero. I'm at the beginning of the 2nd book and Julius is manipulating his way to the top and the demise of the Republic. The 3rd book has some bits about Octavian's early life (he was 20 when Cicero was assassinated). Octavian took the name Augustus when he became emperor.

Posted by
1068 posts

Happy birthday to you
Happy birthday to you
Happy birthday dear Caesar
Happy birthday to you!

Posted by
1262 posts

I'm not a historian, but I wonder if that date is anywhere close to the date on our calendar (eg. was it calculated to take into account the changes in the calendar over time, or is that the date from the calendar in use when he was born?)

In 48 BC (so after the birth of Caesar Augustus) Julius Caesar changed the old Roman calendar to the Julian calendar. That calendar in turn was slightly inaccurate since it assumed the year had exactly 365.25 days but it actually has about .01 less. Over the centuries the difference added up, about a 10 day discrepancy by the 1500s. Hence the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in 1582.

Posted by
15798 posts

Nitpicking here -
Caesar was Julius Caesar, because that was his family name. Octavian was a (maternal) relative that Caesar adopted as an adult (Caesar by then had no living direct heirs). On adoption Octavian took the family name of Caesar. A century (give or take) later "Caesar" became the title for the Roman emperor, no longer with any connection to the Caesarean family. From that we get the Russian tsar and the German kaiser.

Posted by
417 posts

Has anyone been to the Mausoleum of Augustus in Rome? It looks like an interesting site

Posted by
2853 posts

This thread is almost turning into a food tour -- Caesar salad, kaiser rolls, tsarist dressing: history is delicious.