Hello clarkkm, and welcome to the forum,
With 5-7 days the problem will be that each of Italy's regions have their particular products, ingredients and flavors. With this time frame you have time for either one place with maybe some trips or two places maximum.
Bologna is often considered "the food capital of Italy" and would make a good location for a stay since the city core itself is pretty walkable, has a couple of amazing markets and there are surrounding towns that have world famous products that are produced only in those places. Modena for balsamic vinegar, Parma for ham and Reggio Emilia for cheese. Because the region is famous for it there are many food centric tours and guides you can lean on.
Florence is 30 minutes away by fast train if you want to dip into Tuscan food - since Bologna is Emilia-Romagna - and Florence has some amazing restaurants. With so little time I would recommend leaning into the guided experience and have a plan - and maybe reservations before you get there.
Also think about how you are getting and leaving Italy and factor that into your schedule. I'm assuming you're time i short because this is part of a longer trip. Bologna has an airport and the other closest are Florence, Pisa, Venice and the most accessible but furtherest Milan.
Hope that helps, have a delicious trip,
=Tod