Day trips from Padova

I'd say Ravenna is awfully far at 2-1/2 hours, one-way. Verona and Ferrara are viable, as is Lake Garda. I'm sure there are other good options.

Veronna is easy possible. But it is a short taxi or about 25 minute hike from the train station to the old city. I know there is a bus that runs from the train station but I did not use it so you may want to research that option.

And Bologna.

Getting from Padova to Verona is simple and inexpensive. Just take one of the frequent trains. If you want to take a bus to centro, the buses stop outside the rail station. Another place to consider is Vicenza with its Teatro Olimpico designed by Palladio, as are numerous other buildings in the city. An absence of huge attractions means a corresponding absence of tourist hoards but you get a naive Veneto experience.

Ferrara is 30-60 minutes by train and Michelin gives the historic center 2 stars. I might visit this year.

5 days is way too many for Padova. I'd spend at least two of them in Bologna, maybe one in Verona.

(BTW, it's 'Vicenza', not 'Vincenza')

Like others have "hinted", a much better choice for a base is Bologna, where you'll have many day trip options including Padova and Ravenna.

Verona, Ferrara, Bologna are you best choices time wise.

Since you will have already visited Vicenza and Venice, I agree that Bologna would give you more options. I do want to put in a good word for Padua, though. I stayed there for 3 nignts, visiting Vicenza on one day, and I was happy to have that much time to wander around and see the sights. There's quite a lot to see. Five nights does sound kind of long.

I have to agree with acraven. Padua itself is really interesting and I could spend days there even if just to allow some repeated visits to the Scrovegni Chapel.