Day trips from Florence in November

There are plenty of options that a good guidebook could direct you to.
Classic outings from Florence are Siena (easy by bus, and which is worth an overnight stop), Pisa (easy by train, could also be an overnight, but less so than Siena perhaps), Lucca.
Also San Gimignano, but trickier without a car - maybe you could find a tour of Tuscan villages from Florence.

Less touristy but still very worthwhile places are Arezzo and Pistoia, very close by train. And Bologna is highly-rated but I have never been and it is perhaps too large for just a day trip.

Also, as a half-day trip, Fiesole is worthwhile in good weather.

Siena rivals Florence for the biggest allocation in Tuscany. Many visit Siena as a day trip from Florence, or vice-versa.

Then there’s Orvieto, farther away, 2 1/2 hours by train, in the direction of Rome. A hill town with its own “Rupe” walk circling the hill at the base, it needs at least 1 night, and 2 would be even better. You can even go a daytrip from Orvieto to Civita di Bagnoregio.

Pistoia is a 1/2 hour scenic train ride from Florence, very few tourists, good restaurants, and with nice 12 - 14th century buildings, many of them green and white striped. Everything is very walkable. Known for its chocolate and its surrounding plant nurseries (once a year they turn the center of town into a garden --- I'm a gardener, so I wish we could have seen that.)

Our favorite thing in Pistoia was the Cappella del Tau, next to the Museo Marino Marini —- it's a tiny 14th-century chapel, frescoed by the School of Giotto. We were told it was discovered by someone renovating his bathroom. It has the kind of slightly goofy late medieval/early Renaissance paintings we enjoy, such as Adam and Eve about to eat the apple even though God is lurking in a creepy way in the shrubs behind them. No one else came into the chapel the whole time we were there.

The white and green striped St. Zeno Baptistery is plain brick inside so you can see its structure, which I found very beautiful.
Cathedral of St. Zeno and its bell tower, which you can climb.
Museo Capitolare
Palazzo del Comune
Church of Sant’Andrea
stripey San Giovanni Fuorcivitas
And the "living room" of Pistoa, the Piazza della Sala. It was market day the day we visited.

Could be a half-day day trip, if you wanted.

Siena by bus (1h 15m).
Rome is 1h 45m from Florence by direct train.
Milan 2h
Verona 1h 45m
Padua 2h
Pisa 1h 30m
Lucca 1h 30m
San Gimignano 2h by bus and requires a connection.

We home based in Florence for a week and took day trips to both Siena and Lucca. One day we took a direct bus from Florence to Siena and had a wonderful full day exploring Siena. Another day we took the train to Lucca and rented bikes to ride around the wall. Both were easy and exceptional day trips.

We use WalkAboutFlorence --- walkaboutflorence.com

We loved their BEST OF TUSCANY and CHIANTI WINE & FOOD SAFARI tours

Check our their webpage - you can book and pay directly on their page.