Rome is so easy in 10 hours--do it. Here is our DIY trip that costs virtually nothing (I got this from Cruisecritic.com--many have advice, including directions/photos of how to get to train station--but no need, you can follow the cruise crowd). Get off the ship and take the bus to the end of the port (sometimes free, sometimes 5 Euros or so). Then, walk around the corner a few 100 yards to the train station--you can just follow the crowds. If no line, go and ask to buy a BIRG ticket at the window. If a line (we had a HUGE one), go to the tobacco shop and buy a ticket (they certainly sell the others, and I think you can get a BIRG). BIRG is a round trip with metro/buses in Rome (but you don't need them). If tobacco doesn't have BIRG, get a RT or 2 one ways, or a one way and get the other when you get to Termini--they are cheap--BIRG is 9 Euros, one way about 6 Euros.
Take the train all the way to Termini (about 1 hour), have a good map with you. Take a simple 20 minute stroll to the Colosseum, don't bother to go inside, the outside is just as impressive (if you MUST--walk over to the Forum (almost no line)and get the same ticket there--spend 30 minutes in the Forum, then pop over to the Colo. Find a side street on your way to the Pantheon and have a slice of pizza at a counter place with the locals, then continue to Pantheon for a quick look inside, then walk over to Trevi and Spanish Steps and continue back to Termini and hop an hourly train back to the ship--get on ship's bus back to port. I would estimate walking is about 4-5 miles total---less than a day at Disneyworld. Very easy for a fun taste of Rome. Plan on getting a train at least 1 hour earlier than you really need to save yourself from worrying about getting to ship on time. Rome is a great, easily walkable city from Termini. Although this a the "just a glimpse tour," it's still really amazing and a great day. Elaine