10 days in Italy flying Into Rome, out of Naples

Given the time you have and the fact you depart from Naples, CT and Venice and way too far in the wrong direction

I would suggest no more than 3 locations.

What time of year? Hopefully not in this or any summer.
How many people and the age range?
I am 53 and have been traveling to Europe since 2002. So the answer to those questions factors in what kind of itinerary would work better

You know your travel style/time of year for this trip/previous Italy experience/preferred method of in country transportation/whether you actually have 11 nights to achieve the 10 days in Italy best, and a suggestion to consider with the flight routing you have is to spend 4 nights/3 full days in Rome, train to and spend 3 nights/2 full days in Sorrento and then end with a flourish based in Naples for your final 3 nights/2 full days. If you pack light and organized, your transfers can go smoothly and regional trains are low cost/high time suck while high-speed will be maybe not too much more outside of 1st class. I vote for taking time in each to determine best gelato/caffe/local dish spot nearest wherever you will put head to pillow. Have a wonderful, wonderful trip.

September this year - 2 fit adults, in early 30s.

You have 11 nights and must be in Naples night before your departure

Rome 4 nights
Sorrento/Amalfi 5 nights
Naples 2

Venice,CT, Florence are in the wrong direction given your flights

OK since you are in early 30's and fit and want to get just a taste to see if you are going to return it Italy again
I would go with this
Arrive Rome take train to Florence
Florence 3 nights
Take the train to Rome
Rome 4 nights
Take the train to Sorrento (*actually this takes two trains Rome to Naples and then Naples to Sorrento)

Sorrento 3 nights

Sorrento to Naples Airport

I think it is a little excessive. But first thing I would change would be to fly directly to Naples and return from Rome. It would be easy to get to Naples from the Rome airport since you are there. Returning from Rome is easier because of direct flights and at a later time. Returning from Naples would require a very departure from Naples with a connecting flight somewhere else in Europe. A lot of hassle.

With reference to your proposed schedule. It is a bit scattered and inefficient. Get a map of Italy and put some pins in it and you will see the problem. Amalfi coast and Naples are as far south of Rome as Florence is north and CT is even further north. You are looking at to huge figure eights travel patterns with enormous time in train stations. A far more efficient way would be to fly into Naples, work you way north through Rome and return from Florence or even Milan would give better options. What you propose is most a series of railroad stations and trains with a quick look here and there.

Your original plan, even for an energetic young couple, is unrealistic, unless your aim is to spend the majority of your time on trains and in train stations. Besides, with time constraints, doing both CT and the AC is redundant. If you are already committed to leaving from Naples, then the itinerary outlined by Jazz+travels is about the best you could hope for. But you will HAVE to stay in Naples the night before you fly out.

I agree with the thoughts already provided, adding these comments:

Thurs - arrive in Rome; 30-min. train from the airport to Roma Termini. Transfer to 1.5 hour train to Florence (make sure you are not taking the slow train!)
Day 3: day trip to Venice. It’s a 2.25 hr train to Venice if you take the fastest option. Try to take the 8:20am so you’re there by 10:30am. It gets very busy during the daytime. You won’t get the wonderful evening ambiance of Venice which I think is the best, but at least you can enjoy seeing it.

I would only do one water option - either Cinque Terre or Amalfi. Since you already have Naples booked for your flight, it makes sense to choose the Amalfi Coast.

The last time we flew home out of Naples, we stayed in Sorrento (we were there about 5 or 6 days) and took the ferry to Naples the morning of our flight out. From the harbor in Naples, we took the Alibus straight to the airport.

I don’t remember what time our flight was, but we had no trouble making it, even though the Alibus was late.

fly out of Naples 11 days later on Monday at 6am

I would be truly stunned/amazed if there were a ferry from Sorrento that would get one to the airport for a 6AM flight

A quick search found that 720AM is the earliest sailing