I love these exercises.
By Train or Plane the most sensible is Budapest to Prague to Krakow (or reverse)
By train
Total Holiday travel time: 15:45
Total Holiday travel cost: 71 euro
That is 13:15+ hours sitting in what is essentially a airline Economy Plus seat that does not recline. Views? There are trains with great views and part of this trip coming out of Poland might be interesting. But mostly the vegetation is allowed to grow tall on both sides of the tracks to control noise pollution. In the cities there are generally walls on both sides for noise control. Pack food or see what the dining car has to offer.
By plane
Total Holiday travel time: 9:25
Total Holiday travel cost: 260 euro (close to half that if you go carry on only)
2:25+ hours sitting in an economy seat. The rest of the time you are in transit or moving around. Wouldn’t count on much in the line of food on the flight. Too short.
Train Trip Budapest to Prague
0:15 hours from Oktogon to train station for 7 euro.
0:30 hours early arrival.
6:45 hours Budapest to Prague by a direct train no less than 23 euro for 2nd class.
0:30 get off train, call taxi, transfer to accommodation in Old Town for 7 euro.
Total 8:00 hours and 37 euro
Train Trip Prague to Krakow
0:15 hours from Old Town to train station by taxi for 7 euro
0:30 hours early arrival
6:30 hours Prague to Krakow by a direct train no less than 20 euro
0:30 hours get off train, call taxi, transfer to accommodations 7 euro
Total 7:45 hours and 34 euro
Flight Budapest to Prague
0:30 hours transfer to airport 25 euro
2:00 hours early arrival
1:15 hours Budapest to Prague by direct flight no less than 80 euro with a checked bag.
0:30 hours deplane and claim bag
0:30 hours transfer to Old Town accommodations 35 euro
Total 4:45 hours and 140 euro
Flight Prague to Krakow
0:30 hours transfer to airport 35 euro
2:00 hours early arrival
1:10 hours Prague to Krakow by direct flight no less than 50 euro with a checked bag
0:30 hours deplane and claim bag
0:30 hours transfer to accommodations 35 euro
Total 4:40 hours and 120 euro