Ummm... Rothenburg and Mittenwald are in opposite directions from Munich. Given your desired stops - can you fly into Stuttgart or Frankfort, drive/take the train to Rothenburg ob der Tauber, (nights 1 and 2) and then the drive/train on to Mittenwald, etc.?
I would also suggest breaking the trip down into where you spend your nights, rather than "days." In addition, you should check out Viamichelin.com for driving times and directions (rough ones of course) to get a handle on how much time you will be taking for getting place to place. I think you seem to be spending more time in the car hitting these far flung destinations than you will be seeing most of them. Thus, you don't actually have that many "extra" days.
Examples: Rothenburg ob der Tauber to Mittenwald is a 5-6 hour train trip or half a day drive too - ie.much of Day 3. The train from Salzburg to Lucerne is about 6 1/2 hours, which would occupy all of day 9 even if driving. Interlaken to Colmar is at least 3 1/2 hours by train or car- ie. much of Day 14 .
Overall, if you skip Rothenburg I think you will minimize your travel days while hitting most of the same spots. And almost everything you seem to want to do can be done by train. Remember European rental cars are quite small so consider your luggage space needs too.