Ms

I have never encountered a limit, because these days I mostly use my credit card. I usually carry about 200 euros for emergencies and tips for outstanding tour guides. It usually works out to be one ATM visit a trip. But there was the time when the cab's credit card machine was down and cash was a lifesaver so having a small fund may be considered essential. Even the Germans who used to routinely carry hundreds in cash have cut back dramatically.

I believe it depends on your bank, perhaps on the bank of the ATM, as well.

I can't speak to Germany, but We've needed cash for BnBs in Italy. We stayed in Venice, five nights so that was a chunk of cash. My recollection is that we did a couple withdrawals a day apart.