Not familiar with the area, so this might be a naive question. On a first trip, would you stay in Berchtesgaden or Ramsau? They look pretty close to each other. 20 mins or so? Is there a significant advantage in staying in one over the other? Would be using public transportation to sightsee, go on walks, and take photos.
I liked Ramsau a lot, but I had a car. For public transportation, I would think that Berchtesgaden would be more central and cut down on transportation time.
Ramsau bei Berchtesgaden near the Hintersee is my preferred place to stay in the area, but I have my own car. I would recommend Schönau am Königssee. I used to stay here. You can walk to the Königssee boats and the Jennerbahn.
How long are you planning to stay?
The Berchtesgaden Hbf is the central hub for buses that run all over the National Park. There is a bus route between Berchtesgaden and Ramsau that has buses every hour or two, often hourly, so using public transportation is not out of the question.
Personally, I would prefer to stay in Berchtesgaden. I have a preferred Gasthaus near the station with access to all the buses.
Berchtesgaden is more practical for travelling, timewise. Ramsau will add a bit of time each day to your travels but it is quieter and has a nicer feel to it for me. If you decide on Ramsau, stay close to the main drag for easy access to St Sebastian church and a few restaurants. The entrance to Wimbachklamm is also close by.