I have never been to an international airport that did not have an exchange, almost always there's one in the luggage carousel area and at least one once you're through customs. Though I don't know for sure, I would venture a guess that whatever rate you get for $100-$150 dollars is going to be better than what you'd get in the U.S. beforehand.
I've also always been able to withdraw euros from an ATM at international airports. Do get an account with an ATM card that you can use in Europe. It will be cheaper, faster, much more convenient, and ultimately safer, than carrying lots of cash and looking for banks or exchange points.
The only caveat I can think of to the ATM card is that many US banks go off-line for a few hours a week, usually between midnight Saturday and very early Sunday morning. Depending on the time you arrive in Paris and the time zone of your bank, it is possible that you will need money during that down time. Then look for an exchange at the airport.
A trick I learned to use in Amsterdam is if I need a few euros, I'll buy something - even a bottle of water - and use a $50 bill. You will always get change in the local currency. Do this a couple of times. You won't get a great rate, but at least you'll have enough cash to start your trip.
Have you thought about taking the train from CDG to the city, then a taxi to your hotel?