I have used SIM cards in Egypt & Jordan, but unsure about the best company in France. Also, since I only called my partner in those countries, I didn't call the US. I am not sure if we both have SIM, can we call each other & also the US just using the data amount that we purchase? I hate to pay the $10 fee per day for both of us to call each other in France & call the US.
Orange in France is one of the better ones. SFR might also have one , too. I believe at one time La Poste did too.
These are the major phone companies in France: Bouygues, SFR, FREE, and Orange. SIMs for any operators will meet your needs, it's simply a matter of cost.
If you just want a data plan, all calls will need to be made VoIP using software such as whatsapp, telegram, or signal, among many others. The simplest method would require all callers, no matter where they are, to be using the same app.