There is more than enough to keep you happily busy in Paris for that length of time! On the question of it's worth going to London for a day.... that depends. If you don't believe you will ever return to Europe again and cannot imagine not seeing London, then by all means take the trip! Eurostar makes it an easy and painless trip and since it goes city center to city center it's not a terribly inefficient use of your time.
However, if you believe that you will be returning to Europe, then I would leave London for another trip. Like Paris, London has a multitude of wonderful things to see and do and would also keep you happily busy for at least a week!!
One of the joys of Paris is wandering the neighborhoods. Given you rather limited time, I'd suggest you do a walk with with Paris Walks or Discover Walks. They have a variety of walks (which you can google ahead of time and add to your list of activities). There is no need to make a reservation. Just show up at the appointed time at the appointed place. While it's certainly enjoyable to wander on one's own, it can be a bit frustrating so this gives you a way to see parts of Paris you might not come across on your own without feeling that you are wasting your time!
Other ideas - pick up picnic supplies and picnic in the Champ du Mars and watch the Eiffel Tower light up...
As for food...ah, where to begin! Definitely take in one the weekly markets - Bastille is a personal favorite but others are quite wonderful as well. If working around specific days/times is problematic a stroll down Rue Montorgueill, or Place d' Aligre (which has a market 6 days a week) is a tasty and worthwhile excursion.
As for restaurants... again where to begin. So I will suggest two sites that I have found to be reliable :
www.davidlebovitz.com - American pastry chef living in Paris. His recipes are excellent and his restaurant recommendations are spot on as well!
www.parisbymouth.com - I enjoy the writing and have also found the restaurant reviews/recommendations to be spot on.
Happy researching!!!