Etias

It won't be put into effect until either later this year or sometime next year.

It has already had 4 or 5 announced start dates. If it ever starts, and someday it will, it will affect border entry/exit throughout the Schengen zone.

We have to pay $14 to enter or transit through the USA and have done for years, so I presume that when this is introduced next year, that the cost will be similar.

It is said to be planned to cost €7 and be valid for three years. No introduction date has be set yet, but I assume that once a date is set there will be a lot of information to make sure that nobody misses it.

When you need it, do not worry, your airline will tell you, they will not let you board without it,

just as well to remove your email from your post. We have a good Private Message system here and unfortunately there are plenty of spammers who visit the site collecting emails for their own nefarious deeds.

Nigel is correct, if you leave your email, it will be picked up by special software spammers use to collect addresses. At a minimum, disguise your address as: at gmail dot com. Humans know how to correctly use it.