There's a lot of good advice here already.
The FAQs on the Senior Railcard site include this one:
Q: Which train companies give Railcard discounts?
A: You can use your Railcard on all franchised train operating
companies that provide services within England, Scotland and Wales.
Railcards do not give discounts on Eurostar services, Charter
services, and Heritage Railways unless state otherwise.
That FAQ has a live link to "franchised train operating companies" which takes you to a list here: https://www.railcard.co.uk/buy-train-tickets/. That page also says you can check with your "local train operating company," and you've been given the Lumo link already.
Prior answers have included information on railcard limitations on time of travel where applicable, I think.
You mentioned a BritRail pass. Having used BritRail passes, I can confirm that a BritRail pass is almost never a money-saver compared to careful shopping for train tickets online. Where it's been worth it to me, is the flexibility to change plans at the last minute - see last paragraph.
BTW, my strong preference when researching available train journeys, is to always start at https://www.nationalrail.co.uk/.
[Where the BritRail pass comes into its own, IMO, is in flexibility, especially on train trips that tend to have higher fares. I saved a lot of money by using it on a few long journeys - one was York to Penzance - when my itinerary changed after I was on the ground in the UK. With the pass, I could easily take a different train than I'd originally planned. If things had gone as first planned, the BritRail pass cost definitely exceeded what I'd likely have spent on advance fare tickets. The BritRail pass was worth it to me on the two UK trips where I've used it, but obviously YMMV, and I don't just blindly buy one. And I don't use a BritRail pass for a short trip such as London - Bletchley, or Glasgow -Edinburgh, where walk-up fares aren't expensive. There's a cost for the BritRail flexibility and convenience, which may or may not be acceptable. Because I think people may assume that a "BritRail pass" is automatically a money-saver, I think it can be helpful to point out its benefits and costs, because IMO it's not primarily a money saver - no matter how they market it, lol. ]
It looks like you'll be visiting some good places. I hope you enjoy your trip!