Regarding esims with phone numbers:
Airalo, Airhub, aloSIM, all have an option to include a phone number (not a US number, but somewhere in Europe). This is less convenient, as your friends home might worry about how to call your new French phone number, and what would it cost them.
Roamless esim does not include a number, but their app allows you to make cheap phone calls from their app (but not receive calls).
As mentioned, the best thing is to keep your "normal" number active, by either paying an add-on, or getting free international calls/texts with your plan (more common with some Tmobile or Ultramobile plans), or using Wifi Calling.
Wifi Calling:
1. Connect to wifi at hotel or restaurant
2. Enable "wifi calling" on your phone
3. Call or text like normal.
Two caveats with wifi calling:
1. Some lower cost cellophone providers do not support the wifi calling service.
2. Some low end phones do not support wifi calling.
Fortunately, it's easy to setup wifi calling at home to see if it works for your equipment.
And what usually gets mentioned in these threads is that it's pretty easy to make VOIP phone calls using an app like Google Voice, Whatsapp, Facebook Messenger, TextNow, or many others. All you need is data for that, either cell data or wifi. That's something that can also be tried at home.