For what it's worth, here is what the New York Times writer would do in 36 hours:
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/20/travel/20hours.html
That said, my preference is to wonder about town enjoying its ambiance while seeing and experiencing a couple if check off the list thing. Here's RS' list in part:
At a Glance
▲▲▲ Westminster Abbey Britain's finest church and the site of royal coronations and burials since 1066.
▲▲▲ Churchill War Rooms Underground WWII headquarters of Churchill's war effort.
▲▲▲ National Gallery Remarkable collection of European paintings (1250–1900), including Leonardo, Botticelli, Velázquez, Rembrandt, Turner, Van Gogh, and the Impressionists.
▲▲▲ British Museum The world's greatest collection of artifacts of Western civilization, including the Rosetta Stone and the Parthenon's Elgin Marbles.
▲▲▲ British Library Fascinating collection of the most important literary treasures of the Western world.
▲▲▲ St. Paul's Cathedral The main cathedral of the Anglican Church, designed by Christopher Wren, with a climbable dome and daily evensong services.
▲▲▲ Tower of London Historic castle, palace, and prison housing the crown jewels and a witty band of Beefeaters.
▲▲▲ Victoria and Albert Museum The best collection of decorative arts anywhere.
▲▲ Houses of Parliament London's Neo-Gothic landmark, famous for Big Ben and occupied by the Houses of Lords and Commons.
▲▲ Trafalgar Square The heart of London, where Westminster, The City, and the West End meet.
▲▲ National Portrait Gallery A Who's Who of British history, featuring portraits of this nation's most important historical figures.
▲▲ Covent Garden Vibrant people-watching zone with shops, cafés, street musicians, and an iron-and-glass arcade that once hosted a produce market.
▲▲ Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace Hour-long spectacle at Britain's royal residence.
▲▲ London Eye Enormous observation wheel, dominating — and offering commanding views over — London's skyline.
▲▲ Imperial War Museum Exhibits examining the military history of the bloody 20th century.
▲▲ Tate Modern Works by Monet, Matisse, Dalí, Picasso, and Warhol displayed in a converted powerhouse.
▲▲ Shakespeare's Globe Timbered, thatched-roofed reconstruction of the Bard's original "wooden O."
▲▲ Tate Britain Collection of British painting from the 16th century through modern times, including works by William Blake, the Pre-Raphaelites, and J. M. W. Turner.
▲▲ Wallace Collection One of the finest private family art collections anywhere — free and open to the public — with paintings by such masters as Rembrandt, Rubens, and Velázquez
▲▲ Natural History Museum A Darwinian's delight, packed with stuffed creatures, engaging exhibits, and enthralled kids.
▲▲ Greenwich Seafaring borough just east of the city center, with Cutty Sark tea clipper, Royal Observatory, other maritime sights, and a pleasant market.