Sometimes I think we make this sound like a horrible and risky task finding the "correct" ATM. It really is not difficult. Banking services are well established through all of Europe and used frequently by the local population. Banks are prevalent (more than one) in all major cities and most of the small cities as well. So they are not hard to find. Let the banks find you. When you out and about just make a mental note when you walk past a bank. Because you will !!!! Then return at your convenience. The ATMs I avoid are all stand-alone in major tourist sites, hotels, train stations, etc., even if they are a bank owned ATM. Those are the units that have highest probability of being tampered with. AND that probability is very low.
As mentioned by others, my preference is to use an ATM inside a bank entryway or lobby. Often times the door is lock so you need to swipe your debit card to unlock the door to gain access to the ATMs. Also I like to use an ATM someone else has just used. If it works for them, it should work for me.
We carry at least two debit cards and often three. We use all cards within a couple days to just make sure all the cards are functional. What good is a back up card if it doesn't work? Then we return to the primary for the trip. "Knock on wood" -- but we have never had a card that failed or was eaten by the ATM. Have had cards rejected by ATMs. Don't know why. The first time it happen it caused a bit of panic but found that the card was accepted at the next ATM. That was more frequent years ago. Have not had a card rejected in the last half dozen years or so.
Our primary debit card is credit union that allows six free withdrawals in a month and then charges a $1 for additional withdrawals. We don't worry too much about fees since it is far cheaper than the fees once charged for TCs.