Emily,
I've visited China as a tourist a couple of times. But China is more of an "emerging" country economically speaking then a "developing" country. I understand that India (country of interest) is also a BRIC country.
During my China travels, we consumed a mix of bottled water and water from hotel taps that we boiled and cooled in our stainless steel flasks. Tour guides provided bottled water during the day, hotels stocked room with small bottles of water and we drank tea and beer at meals.
Given the stories about the "flies" that came in with Deng's open door/window policy, I've wondered about capitalistic short cuts in bottling drinking water. If American bottled water companies are less than transparent, are Chinese bottled water companies even worse?
Now that said, I didn't get sick during or just after my China trips. I did follow CDC travel immunization suggestions with HEP A and C, typhoid and anti-malarials. And on occasion I forgot and rinsed using tap water after brushing. I even used the drinking water tap at the one hotel in the mountains that has a drinking water tap.
While both trips started in big cities (Being in the first, Shanghai in the second), the tripos featured travel to inland rural areas.