Jordan

I am no help with airlines because I was coming from Turkey.

I don't recall any issues getting Dinars. As I recall, there was an ATM in our hotel in Amman. Credit cards were widely accepted. I think I used Apple Pay via my watch at a grocery store in Amman, but I don't recall for sure.

Jerash -- a very good example of a Roman provincial city --- would be at the top of my list if it's not already on your tour. Also, we spent an afternoon wandering around Rainbow Street. My mom had a blast haggling with the merchants.

We had the best and most authentic food at Petra when our driver took us to a local hole-in-the-wall one evening, and we let him do all the ordering. It was quite a feast. In Amman, we ate at the hotel for the most part. We did stop at a small restaurant on Rainbow Street for an afternoon snack of hummus and babaganoush.

You'll really only need JD if you're going to Wadi Rum. (And if you're going on an organized tour, they're likely taking you to a place that takes cards). I wouldn't worry about bringing JD with you. When you're at baggage claim, there is an AJIB ATM right before you go through customs. You can easily get some cash there, or ATMs are pretty plentiful in town. But the airport will be easiest.
Visa is widely accepted but I don't use apple pay so can't speak to that.
Go to Jerash if your tour doesn't take you there. You can see a lot of it in a half day. Wandering around town, especially the Rainbow Street area, is fun.
Places to eat:
My favorite is Shams El Balad. The food is fantastic and it's a favorite of both locals and tourists.
Wild Jordan for good but basic food and an amazing view of the Citadel
District Urban Rooftop for good city views and good drinks (more of a bar atmosphere)
Hashem is the classic falafel restaurant downtown. They might be cash only but I'm not sure.
Sufra for classic food in a nice atmosphere (but I like Shams better)
RJ is more direct and has less risk of getting cancelled. That's what we usually fly when we go home to the US.

Oh, and in Petra get a drink at the Cave Bar, and eat dinner at Mom's Secret Recipe.

I am going there too. What tour company are you using?

Gate One Discovery Tours